Managing community managers: social labor, feminized skills, and professionalization

Jennifer deWinter Worcester Polytechnic Institute ; Carly A. Kocurek Illinois Institute of Technology ; Stephanie Vie University of Central Florida

Abstract

In the game industry, community managers engage in social and emotional labor as they split their loyalties between game communities and game companies. Community managers do not fully represent the interests of one group, and their intermediary role puts particular stresses on the types of emotional labor that they are called upon to enact. Further, community managers must also participate in social labor---work that builds and exploits social connections for monetary gain. Most of this labor, however, is undervalued and in some instances is simply uncompensated "free" labor carried out by members of a fan community. Ultimately, we argue, casting the role of the community manager as a social and emotional laborer feminizes this work, monetarily devaluing it while isolating workers in these roles from the communities that they ostensibly serve.

Journal
Communication Design Quarterly
Published
2017-03-27
DOI
10.1145/3071088.3071092
CompPile
Search in CompPile ↗
Open Access
OA PDF Gold
Export

Citation Context

Cited by in this index (2)

  1. Communication Design Quarterly
  2. Communication Design Quarterly

References (59) · 1 in this index

  1. Bacon J. (2012). The art of community: Building the new age of participation. Sebastopol CA: 'Reilly Media In…
  2. Banks J. (2013). Co-creating videogames. New York: Bloomsbury. Banks J. (2013). Co-creating videogames. New…
  3. Braverman H. (1998). Labor and monopoly capital: The degradation of work in the twentieth century. New York: …
  4. Bainbridge W. S. (2012). The Warcraft civilization: Social science in a virtual world. Cambridge: MIT Press. …
  5. 10.1080/08935691003625521
Show all 59 →
  1. 10.1109/HICSS.2007.71
  2. Brito M. (2010). 3 tips for managing a social media community. Retrieved from http://www.socialmediaexaminer.…
  3. Charmaz K. (2011). Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. Los Angeles …
  4. Creswell J. W. (2006). Qualitative inquiry & research design (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks CA: Sage. Creswell J. …
  5. Proceedings of the 75th Annual Convention of the Association for Business Communication
  6. De Kosnik A. (2012). Fandom as free labor. In T. Scholz (Ed.) Digital labor: The Internet as playground and f…
  7. 10.2307/3090130
  8. Eyonix. (2006). My role. WoW Blue Tracker. Retrieved from http://blue.cardplace.com/cache/wow-shaman/669661.h…
  9. Florida R. L. (2014). The rise of the creative class: Revisited. New York: Basic Books. Florida R. L. (2014)…
  10. The paradox of brand community "management
    Thexis
  11. Gamasutra. (2014). Transitions: Gamasutra salary survey 2014. Gamasutra. Retrieved from http://www.gamasutra.…
  12. 10.1145/950566.950595
  13. Serenity Now bombs a World of Warcraft funeral: Negotiating the morality, reality and tas…
    Selected Papers of Internet Research
  14. Gill R. & Pratt A. (2008). In the social factory? Immaterial labour precariousness and cultural work. Theory …
  15. Godin S. (1999). Permission marketing: Turning strangers into friends and friends into customers. New York: S…
  16. Grayeb J. (2012). The four pillars of community management. Forbes. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/site…
  17. 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2004.00373.x
  18. Handrahan M. (2013). Bioware writer laments "increasingly toxic" fan feedback. Retrieved from http://www.game…
  19. L. Richardson & V
  20. Moving from information transfer to knowledge creation: A new value proposition for techn…
    Technical Communication
  21. Productive users, intellectual property and governance: The challenges of computer games
    Media and Arts Law Review
  22. Humphries B. (2013). Community managers: The unsung heroes of video games. Gamasutra. Retrieved from http://w…
  23. 10.1057/9781137006332
  24. Gray, J., Sandvoss, C., Harrington, C. L., & Jenkins
  25. Technical Communication Quarterly
  26. Keath J. (2011). How much money do community managers make? {Infographic}. Retrieved from http://socialfresh.…
  27. Keath J. (2013 January 1). The 2013 community manager report {Infographic}. Retrieved from http://socialfresh…
  28. Kücklich J. (2005). Precarious playbour: Modders and the digital games industry. Fibreculture 5. Retrieved fr…
  29. Students' perception of qualifications for successful social media coordinator
    Academy of Marketing Studies Journal
  30. 10.1016/j.cities.2009.03.004
  31. C. L. Macdonald & C
  32. Marx K. (1959). Economic and philosophic manuscripts of 1844. (M. Milligan Trans.) Moscow: Progress Publisher…
  33. 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2007.00713.x
  34. McGee M. (2011). Community managers sound off: PAX East 2011: Capcom Insomniac Naughty Dog ArenaNet head mode…
  35. McGonigal J. (2011). Reality is broken: Why games make us better and how they can change the world. New York:…
  36. Community management in open source projects
    The European Journal for the Informatics Professional
  37. 10.1057/palgrave.fr.9400367
  38. 10.5465/amr.1996.9704071861
  39. Managing emotions in the workplace
    Journal of Managerial Issues
  40. Nardi B. (2010). My life as a night elf priest: An anthropological account of World of Warcraft. Ann Arbor: U…
  41. NVIDIA. (2014). Job description: North American gaming community manager #1771959. LinkedIn. Retrieved from h…
  42. Polo S. (2013). The two most inexplicable examples of video game community harassment this week. The Mary Sue…
  43. 10.1080/1369118032000163277
  44. 10.1177/1354856507084419
  45. Saldana J. (2011). Fundamentals of qualitative research. New York: Oxford University Press. Saldana J. (2011…
  46. Strauss A. L. & Corbin J. M. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and technique…
  47. J. Coiro, M. Knobel, C. Lankshear, & D
  48. 10.1215/01642472-18-2_63-33
  49. Warner Bros. Careers (2015). Community manager. Retrieved from http://www.warnerbroscareers.com/search-jobs/?…
  50. Wera J. (2008). Online community management: Communication through gamers. Retrieved from http://www.gamasutr…
  51. Wolff W. I. (2015). Baby we were born to tweet: Springsteen fans the writing practices of in situ tweeting an…
  52. WoWWiki. (n.d.). Community manager. World of Warcraft Wiki. Retrieved from http://www.wowwiki.com/Community_M…
  53. Xbox Live & 360 Comms Mgr. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://careers.microsoft.com/jobdetails.aspx?ss=&pg=0&so=&…
  54. 10.1016/j.cities.2008.04.006