Implementing deracination and the D.I.S.—components of a developing critical thinking pedagogy termed decritique—offer a more critically reflective alternative to classroom peer-review activities that mistakenly focus on a “notion of caring"

Considers how the ability for self–direction is one principle of lifelong learning, but the reality that students are at various stages of dependence means that online teachers need to recognize the variety of learners present in their online classrooms and implement strategies to guide them toward such independent learning. Outlines a sequence of linear stages involved in the transition from dependent to independent learning.