Citation Context
Cited by in this index (0)
No articles in this index cite this work.
References (115) · 1 in this index
-
1. Commission of Inquiry into Post Election Violence (CIPEV), Report of the Commission of Inquiry into Post E…
-
2. CIPEV, Report, 46.
-
3. See, for example, "Kenyans Burned to Death in Church," BBC News, January 1, 2008, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/…
-
"Kenya 'Facing Humanitarian Disaster'," Guardian, January 2, 2008, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/jan…
-
Gboyega Akinsanmi, "Fears of Genocide as Death Toll Hits 300," This Day (Lagos), January 3, 2008, https://all…
Show all 115 →
-
Nick Wadhams, "A Massacre in a Kenyan Church," Time, January 1, 2008, http://content.time.com/time/world/arti…
-
Mike Pflanz and Richard Holt, "Kenya on the Brink Amid 'Genocide' Claims," Telegraph, January 2, 2008, https:…
-
and Thilo Thielke, "Chaos in Kenya: Tribal Massacres Echo Rwanda Genocide," Spiegel Online (Hamburg), January…
-
4. Genocide Watch, Genocide Watch: Kenya, October 3, 2013, http://www.genocidewatch.org/kenya.html.
-
5. See, for example, Xan Rice, "EU Observers Condemn Kenyan Election and Call for Investigation," Guardian, J…
-
Jeffrey Gettleman, "Riots Batter Kenya as Rivals Declare Victory," New York Times, December 30, 2007, https:/…
-
and Gwen Thompkins, "Protesters Dispute Kibaki Victory in Kenya Election," NPR: Morning Edition, December 31,…
-
6. UN General Assembly, Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, A/RES/260, Dece…
-
7. James Jasinski and Jennifer R. Mercieca, “Analyzing Constitutive Rhetorics: The Virginia and Kentucky Reso…
-
8. The news articles were gathered from LexisNexis and Factiva and included major newspapers and wire service…
-
Rhetoric & Public Affairs
-
10. Mailloux, “Re-Marking Slave Bodies,” 99.
-
11. Childers, “Transforming Violence,” 595.
-
12. On the dominance of the citizenship narrative, see Karma R. Chávez, “Beyond Inclusion: Rethinking Rhetori…
-
13. UN General Assembly, Convention.
-
14. William A. Schabas, Genocide in International Law: The Crime of Crimes, 2nd ed. (New York: Cambridge Univ…
-
15. Samantha Power, A Problem from Hell: America and the Age of Genocide (New York: Basic Books, 2002), 29.
-
16. Power, A Problem from Hell, 42.
-
17. Raphael Lemkin, Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for R…
-
18. For a thorough account of the origin of the term, see Schabas, Genocide in International Law, 17-58.
-
19. UN General Assembly, Convention, Article 2.
-
20. Power, A Problem from Hell, 514.
-
21. Power, A Problem from Hell, 508.
-
22. Kenneth Burke, “The Rhetoric of Hitler’s ‘Battle’,” in The Philosophy of Literary Form: Studies in Symbol…
-
23. Randall L. Bytwerk, “The Argument for Genocide in Nazi Propaganda,” Quarterly Journal of Speech 91 (2005)…
-
24. See, for example, Marouf Hasian, “Remembering and Forgetting the ‘Final Solution’: A Rhetorical Pilgrimag…
-
25. Tumolo, Just Remembering, 7-8.
-
26. For two notable examples, see Michael Barnett, Eyewitness to a Genocide: The United Nations and Rwanda (I…
-
27. Ben Voth, The Rhetoric of Genocide: Death as a Text (New York: Lexington Books, 2014). See also Ben Voth …
-
28. Voth, The Rhetoric of Genocide, 16.
-
29. John L. Comaroff and Jean Comaroff, Ethnicity, Inc. (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2009), 38.
-
30. Wangari Maathai, The Challenge for Africa (London: Arrow Books, 2010), 185.
-
31. Peter O. Ndege, “Colonialism and Its Legacies in Kenya” (lecture, Fulbright-Hays Group Project Abroad Pro…
-
32. Timothy Parson, “Being Kikuyu in Meru: Challenging the Tribal Geography of Colonial Kenya,” Journal of Af…
-
33. Rok Ajulu, “Politicised Ethnicity, Competitive Politics and Conflict in Kenya: A Historical Perspective,”…
-
34. Elisha Stephen Atieno-Odhiambo describes how British colonists sharpened and fixed ethnic identities in K…
-
35. Donald L. Horowitz, Ethnic Groups in Conflict (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985), 4.
-
36. For a detailed account of the Kalenjin, their political relevance, and their role in the postelection cri…
-
37. Maathai, Challenge for Africa, 185.
-
38. Jeffrey Steeves, “Beyond Democratic Consolidation in Kenya: Ethnicity, Leadership, and Unbounded Politics…
-
39. Koigi wa Wamwere, Towards Genocide in Kenya: The Curse of Negative Ethnicity (Nairobi, Kenya: Mvuke Publi…
-
40. Wamwere, Towards Genocide, 146.
-
41. Njuwa Maina and Nicolo Gnecchi, “Slum Dwellers Cower in Kenya’s ‘Unhappy Valley,‘” Reuters, January 3, 20…
-
42. Bruce Berman, Dickson Eyoh, and Will Kymlicka, eds., Ethnicity and Democracy in Africa (Athens: Ohio Univ…
-
43. Makau Mutua, Kenya’s Quest for Democracy: Taming Leviathan (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2008), 21.
-
44. Human Rights Watch, Ballots to Bullets: Organized Political Violence and Kenya's Crisis of Governance (Ne…
-
and Peter Kagwanja, "Courting Genocide: Populism, Ethno-Nationalism and the Informalisation of Violence in Ke…
-
45. Xan Rice, “President Heads for Humiliating Defeat as Kenyan Voters Throw Out the Old Guard,” Guardian, De…
-
46. The “knife-edge” metaphor appeared in numerous headlines and leads. For examples, see Xan Rice, “Kenya Ho…
-
47. Human Rights Watch, Ballots to Bullets, 35.
-
48. CIPEV, Report, 46.
-
49. CIPEV, Report, 46-47; and Kagwanja, “Courting Genocide,” 379.
-
50. CIPEV, Report, viii, 25.
-
51. Wadhams, “A Massacre in a Kenyan Church.” The reported number of victims varies among news reports and of…
-
52. Most accounts of the attack attributed it to the Kalenjin, although a few other minority ethnic groups, a…
-
53. Jeffrey Gettleman, “Kenya, Known for Its Stability, Topples into Post-Election Crisis,” New York Times, J…
-
54. Stephanie McCrummen, “Kenyans Killed Fleeing Violence; Dozens of Victims Trapped in Church That Mob Set A…
-
55. African Rights, Rwanda: Death, Despair, and Defiance, rev. ed. (London: African Rights, 1995), 865.
-
56. “Kenya ‘Facing Humanitarian Disaster’.”
-
57. Alistair Thomson, “Shades of Rwanda Skin-Deep, but Could Push Kenya Deal,” Reuters, January 3, 2008, http…
-
58. Tumolo, Just Remembering, 7.
-
59. Tami Hultman, “Africa: If It’s Africa, It Must Be a Tribe,” All Africa, December 1, 1990, https://allafri…
-
60. Maathai, Challenge for Africa, 185. It is for this reason that I use the term “ethnicity” or “ethnic conf…
-
61. Lowe, “Talking About ‘Tribe’,” 3.
-
62. Gettleman, “Riots Batter Kenya.”
-
63. Stephanie McCrummen, “Tribal Rage Tears at Diverse Kenyan City,” Washington Post, January 3, 2008, http:/…
-
64. Nicholas O. Kristof, “Machetes and Elections,” New York Times, February 21, 2008, https://www.nytimes.com…
-
65. Keith Somerville, “British Media Coverage of the Post-Election Violence in Kenya, 2007-08,” Journal of Ea…
-
66. Somerville, “British Media Coverage,” 530.
-
67. Maathai, Challenge for Africa, 185.
-
68. Thomson, “Shades of Rwanda Skin-Deep.”
-
69. Tumolo, Just Remembering, 20.
-
70. House Subcommittee on Africa and Global Health of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, The Political Crisis …
-
71. Senate Subcommittee on African Affairs, The Immediate and Underlying Causes and Consequences of Kenya’s F…
-
72. Stanley D. Ross, "The Rule of Law and Lawyers in Kenya," Journal of African Studies 30 (1992): 421. Many …
-
and Makau Mutua, "Human Rights and State Despotism in Kenya: Institutional Problems," Africa Today 41 (1994):…
-
73. Power, A Problem from Hell, 504.
-
74. Jendayi Frazer, “Ethnic Cleansing in Kenya,” U.S. Department of State Archive, January 31, 2008, http://2…
-
75. Sean McCormack, “Daily Press Briefing,” U.S. Department of State Archive, January 30, 2008, http://2001-2…
-
76. According to Payne, “Dr. Jendayi Frazer’s statement on January 31st about ethnic cleansing played right i…
-
77. The UN has defined ethnic cleansing as “a purposeful policy designed by one ethnic or religious group to …
-
78. On the U.S. avoidance of the term “genocide” during the Rwandan genocide and failure to intervene, see Po…
-
79. George W. Bush, “The President’s News Conference with President Paul Kagame of Rwanda in Kigali,” Washing…
-
80. House Subcommittee, The Political Crisis in Kenya, 26.
-
81. On criticisms of the United States, and the international community more generally, for failing to interv…
-
82. House Subcommittee, The Political Crisis in Kenya, 7, 4.
-
83. House Subcommittee, The Political Crisis in Kenya, 7, 26.
-
84. House Subcommittee, The Political Crisis in Kenya, 108.
-
85. These proposed solutions appear throughout the Senate and House of Representatives hearings.
-
86. House Subcommittee, The Political Crisis in Kenya, 84. Emphasis added.
-
87. C. Bryson Hull and Andrew Cawthorne, “Kenya Government Denounces ‘Genocide’ as Toll Hits 300,” Reuters, J…
-
88. Kenya National Commission on Human Rights, On the Brink of the Precipice: A Human Rights Account of Kenya…
-
89. Reported in Peter Mwaura, “Has Crime of Genocide Been Committed?” Nation (Nairobi), January 12, 2008, htt…
-
90. Although Odinga’s official statement is unavailable, the accusation was reported in several news reports.…
-
91. “Chronicles of the Kenyan Genocide,” http://kenyangenocide.blogspot.com. See also Keith Somerville, Radio…
-
92. “Kibaki Names Cabinet,” East Africa Standard (Nairobi), January 8, 2008, https://allafrica.com/stories/20…
-
93. “Debate: Kenya Elections,” BBC News, January 9, 2008, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/hardtalk/7179…
-
94. Kagwanja, “Courting Genocide,” 366.
-
95. House Subcommittee, The Political Crisis in Kenya, 85.
-
96. Wamwere, Negative Ethnicity, 154-55.
-
97. House Subcommittee, The Political Crisis in Kenya, 73. Although the media’s use of the term “tribe” typic…
-
98. CIPEV, Report, viii.
-
99. Voth, The Rhetoric of Genocide, 10.
-
100. Power, A Problem from Hell, 506-7.
-
101. Childers, “Transforming Violence,” 575.
-
102. Nancy Fraser, “Rethinking the Public Sphere: A Contribution to the Critique of Actually Existing Democra…
-
103. John Lonsdale, “Moral and Political Argument in Kenya,” in Ethnicity and Democracy in Africa, 75.
-
104. Lonsdale, “Moral and Political Argument in Kenya,” 77.
-
105. Jacqueline M. Klopp, “Can Moral Ethnicity Trump Political Tribalism? The Struggle for Land and Nation in…
-
106. Chávez, “Beyond Inclusion,” 165.