Book review of In the Archives of Composition: Writing and Rhetoric in High Schools and Normal Schools, by Lori Ostergaard and Henrietta Rix Wood. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburg Press, 2015. 235 pages. $27.95 paperback

The publication of the three works reviewed here relating to creative writing theory and pedagogy mark a point of critical mass for the field of creative writing studies that has been building for decades. This review looks at those books and discusses how they help point the way forward for the discipline.

Research problem: Increasingly, professional and technical communicators analyze, synthesize, and respond to user-generated content, including online consumer reviews of products, as the influence of user-generated content on consumers' purchasing decisions grows. But product reviews vary in the degree to which people perceive them to be credible. Research questions: (1) To what extent does a product review's environment-a retailer or brand site-affect review users' ratings of that review's credibility? (2) To what extent does review valence (positive versus negative) affect review users' ratings of review credibility? (3) What is the strength of the relationship among credibility and its two main components, trustworthiness and expertise? Literature review: Recent research has made clear the spread and the influence of user-generated comments and, thus, the need for sophistication in handling it. Review credibility has two main components: trustworthiness (which equates to honesty or sincerity) and expertise (which equates to accuracy). Prior research also shows the effects of valence (positivity or negativity) in reviews, noting that negative reviews have more influence than positive reviews on readers' perceptions of review credibility and purchasing decisions. Methodology: We tested the effect of a consumer review's environment (brand or retailer site) and the effect of review valence (positive or negative) on the perceived credibility of that review, as well the degree of correlation among credibility, trustworthiness, and expertise. Through an online survey, we exposed respondents to the same review text with different star ratings (4-star and 2-star) in two types of sites: brand and retailer. We asked participants to evaluate the review's credibility, trustworthiness, and expertise. In half of the exposures, participants evaluated a review in the site of a high-credibility company (Apple or Amazon), and in the other half of exposures, participants evaluated a review in the site of a midlevel-credibility company (Dell or Walmart). Results and conclusions: Credibility strongly correlated with both trustworthiness and expertise. Participants rated 4-star reviews as more credible than 2-star reviews on high-credibility sites, but star ratings had no impact on midlevel credibility sites. We found no difference between ratings of reviews displayed on brand and retailer sites for midlevel-credibility companies but a small difference between reviews displayed on brand and retailer sites for high-credibility companies. Professional communicators should attend to reviews posted both to retailer and brand sites. Conclusions: Professional communicators charged with managing user-generated content need not spend resources on channeling it into retailer and other independent review site environments as opposed to brand site environments. Our findings indicate that professional communicators looking to identify credible reviews should attend to review valence, or the positivity or negativity of a review. When managing user-generated product reviews, they should try to make credible content more noticeable to review users.

Research problem: Organizations are increasingly investing in virtual customer communities that reduce communication barriers between organizations and customers. However, little is known regarding how virtual customer communities might affect a firm's learning and innovation activities. Research question: What effects do virtual customer communities have on the relationship between absorptive capacity and organizational innovation? Literature review: Research has shown that virtual customer communities promote knowledge creation and knowledge sharing by facilitating communication within a virtual customer community. We investigate the extent to which interactivity in virtual customer communities influences the relationship between a firm's absorptive capacity (the ability to identify, assimilate, and apply external knowledge) and the extent to which a firm develops incremental and radical innovations. Methodology: We test this model with a quantitative survey-based research design that involves 102 firm-sponsored virtual customer communities. We use hierarchical regression techniques to test our hypotheses. Results: Absorptive capacity is positively related to incremental innovation and negatively related to radical innovation. Furthermore, virtual customer community interactivity moderates the relationship between absorptive capacity and incremental innovation. Conclusions: Virtual customer communities are transforming communication relationships between organizations and customers in ways that influence a firm's learning and innovation activities. One limitation of our study is the use of a single respondent for our survey. We recommend that future research examine how virtual customer communities affect organization-customer communication channels.

Research problem: In Ireland, technical communication has developed as an academic and occupational field since the late 20th century. Research on the field in Ireland is limited. Research questions: (1) To what extent do technical communicators in Ireland operate as a community of practice? (2) What steps are Irish technical communicators taking toward professionalization? Literature review: This study uses a theoretical framework that combines symbolic interactionism and communities of practice theories. While traditional professionalization theory uses a structural functionalist approach to the study of occupations, characterizing disciplines as professions depending on whether they meet certain traits (including autonomy, market closure, license to practice, and service orientation), symbolic interactionism prioritizes interactions among individuals. In this sense, it overlaps with the concerns of communities of practice. A community of practice involves a group of people working together, and creating meaning through their interactions. Studying an occupation through this lens foregrounds individual and community identity, and how that is formed and informed by work. Methodology: Mixed methods-a survey, focus groups, and interviews-were used to explore Irish technical communicators' perceptions of aspects of their field: practice, education, value and status, and professional and community structures. Results: The findings indicate that Irish technical communicators exhibit traits of communities of practice (such as joint enterprise and shared repertoires). They also identify with their job title and practice. A key finding is that some Irish technical communicators have a keen appetite for community involvement. This enthusiasm notwithstanding, barriers to professionalization include low visibility of the role in Ireland, limited evidence of professionalizing activity, and the potential for career stagnation.

Research problem: This study investigates the factors influencing students' intentions to use emergency notification services to receive news about campus emergencies through short-message systems (SMS) and social network sites (SNS). Research questions: (1) What are the critical factors that influence students' intention to use SMS to receive emergency notifications? (2) What are the critical factors that influence students' intention to use SNS to receive emergency notifications? Literature review: By adapting Media Richness theory and prior research on emergency notifications, we propose that perceived media richness, perceived trust in information, perceived risk, perceived benefit, and perceived social influence impact the intention to use SMS and SNS to receive emergency notifications. Methodology: We conducted a quantitative, survey-based study that tested our model in five different scenarios, using logistic regression to test the research hypotheses with 574 students of a large research university in the northeastern US. Results and discussion: Results suggest that students' intention to use SNS is impacted by media richness, perceived benefit, and social influence, while students' intention to use SMS is influenced by trust and perceived benefit. Implications to emergency managers suggest how to more effectively manage and market the service through both channels. The results also suggest using SNS as an additional means of providing emergency notifications at academic institutions.

Book review of Guillén-Galve, I. & Bocanegra-Valle, A. (Eds.) (2021). Ethnographies of academic writing research: Theory, methods, and interpretation. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing Company | 162 pages ISBN: 9789027210067 | https://doi.org/10.1075/rmal.1

Business, like many other programs in higher education, continues to rely largely on traditional classroom environments. In this article, another approach to teaching and learning, the flipped classroom, is explored. After a review of relevant literature, the authors present their experience with the flipped classroom approach to teaching and learning in a postsecondary business communication course. Instructor and student experiences with the flipped classroom are presented. Readily available tools that made the implementation of the flipped classroom approach more feasible are discussed.

Book Review| June 01 2016 Reclaiming Queer: Activist and Academic Rhetorics of Resistance Reclaiming Queer: Activist and Academic Rhetorics of Resistance. By Erin J. Rand. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2014; pp. xii + 212. $44.95 cloth. Michael Warren Tumolo Michael Warren Tumolo California State University, Stanislaus Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 340–343. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0340 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Michael Warren Tumolo; Reclaiming Queer: Activist and Academic Rhetorics of Resistance. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 340–343. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0340 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 An Archive of Hope: Harvey Milk’s Speeches and Writings An Archive of Hope: Harvey Milk’s Speeches and Writings. By Jason Edward Black and Charles E. Morris III. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2013; pp. v + 256. $70.00 hardcover; $34.95 paper. Timothy Oleksiak Timothy Oleksiak Bloomsburg University Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 343–346. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0343 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Timothy Oleksiak; An Archive of Hope: Harvey Milk’s Speeches and Writings. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 343–346. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0343 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 From Apartheid to Democracy: Deliberating Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa From Apartheid to Democracy: Deliberating Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa. By Katherine Elizabeth Mack. University Park, PA: Penn State University Press, 2014; pp. 176. $64.95 cloth. Lindsay Harroff Lindsay Harroff University of Kansas Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 337–340. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0337 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Lindsay Harroff; From Apartheid to Democracy: Deliberating Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 337–340. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0337 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Book Reviews You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 Autism and Gender: From Refrigerator Mothers to Computer Geeks Autism and Gender: From Refrigerator Mothers to Computer Geeks. By Jordynn Jack. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2014; pp. 320. $95.00 cloth; $30.00 paper. Jennifer A. Malkowski Jennifer A. Malkowski California State University, Chico Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 353–356. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0353 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jennifer A. Malkowski; Autism and Gender: From Refrigerator Mothers to Computer Geeks. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 353–356. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0353 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 You Can’t Padlock an Idea: Rhetorical Education at the Highlander Folk School, 1932–1961 You Can’t Padlock an Idea: Rhetorical Education at the Highlander Folk School, 1932–1961. By Stephen Schneider. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2014; pp. 208. $39.95 cloth. Jessica Enoch; Jessica Enoch University of Maryland Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Elizabeth Ellis Elizabeth Ellis University of Maryland Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 356–359. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0356 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Jessica Enoch, Elizabeth Ellis; You Can’t Padlock an Idea: Rhetorical Education at the Highlander Folk School, 1932–1961. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 356–359. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0356 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 Trained Capacities: John Dewey, Rhetoric, and Democratic Practice Trained Capacities: John Dewey, Rhetoric, and Democratic Practice. Edited by Brian Jackson and Gregory Clark. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2014; pp. vi + 270. $59.95 hardcover; available as eBook via Project Muse. Ira Allen Ira Allen American University of Beirut Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 329–333. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0329 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Ira Allen; Trained Capacities: John Dewey, Rhetoric, and Democratic Practice. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 329–333. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0329 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 Economic Actors, Economic Behaviors, and Presidential Leadership: The Constrained Effects of Rhetoric Economic Actors, Economic Behaviors, and Presidential Leadership: The Constrained Effects of Rhetoric. By C. Damien Arthur. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2014; pp. vii + 155. $80.00 cloth; $79.99 eBook. Justin S. Vaughn Justin S. Vaughn Boise State University Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 326–329. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0326 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Justin S. Vaughn; Economic Actors, Economic Behaviors, and Presidential Leadership: The Constrained Effects of Rhetoric. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 326–329. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0326 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 A Growing Appetite: The Emerging Critical Rhetoric of Food Politics Eating Right in America: The Cultural Politics of Food and Health. By Charlotte Biltekoff. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2013; pp. 1 + 224. $79.95 cloth; $22.95 paper.The Taste of War: World War II and the Battle for Food. By Lizzie Collingham. New York: Penguin, 2012; pp. 1 + 656. $36.00 cloth; $22.00 paper.Dispossession: Discrimination against African American Farmers in the Age of Civil Rights. By Peter Daniel. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2013; pp. 1 + 352. $27.95 paper; $24.99 e-book.The Rhetoric of Food: Discourse, Materiality, and Power. Edited by Joshua J. Frye and Michael S. Bruner. New York: Routledge, 2012; pp. 1 + 270. $160 cloth; $51.95 paper.Seeds, Science, and Struggle: The Global Politics of Transgenic Crops. By Abby Kinchy. Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, 2012; pp. 1 + 240. $24.00 paper; $17.00 e-book.Food Politics: How the Food Industry Influences Nutrition and Health. By Marion Nestle. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002; pp. 1 + 534. $29.95 paper; $29.95 e-book.The Economics of Food: How Feeding and Fueling the Planet Affects Food Prices. By Patrick Westhoff. Upper Saddle River, NJ: FT Press/Pearson, 2010; pp. 1 + 256. $25.99 cloth. Stephanie Houston Grey Stephanie Houston Grey Stephanie Houston Grey is Associate Professor of Communication Studies at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 307–320. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0307 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Stephanie Houston Grey; A Growing Appetite: The Emerging Critical Rhetoric of Food Politics. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 307–320. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0307 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: REVIEW ESSAY You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 Rhetorical Touch: Disability, Identification, Haptics Rhetorical Touch: Disability, Identification, Haptics. By Shannon Walters. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2014; pp. 257. $49.95 cloth. Amy Vidali Amy Vidali University of Colorado Denver Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 350–353. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0350 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Amy Vidali; Rhetorical Touch: Disability, Identification, Haptics. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 350–353. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0350 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 The Border Crossed Us: Rhetorics of Borders, Citizenship, and Latina/o Identity The Border Crossed Us: Rhetorics of Borders, Citizenship, and Latina/o Identity. By Josue David Cisneros. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2014; pp. xv + 229. $49.95 cloth; $49.95 eBook. D. Robert DeChaine D. Robert DeChaine California State University, Los Angeles Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 333–336. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0333 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation D. Robert DeChaine; The Border Crossed Us: Rhetorics of Borders, Citizenship, and Latina/o Identity. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 333–336. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0333 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 Walter Lippmann: A Critical Introduction to Media and Communication Theory Walter Lippmann: A Critical Introduction to Media and Communication Theory. By Sue Curry Jansen. New York: Peter Lang, 2012; pp. xiv + 169. $38.95 paper. Peter Simonson Peter Simonson University of Colorado Boulder Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 346–349. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0346 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Peter Simonson; Walter Lippmann: A Critical Introduction to Media and Communication Theory. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 346–349. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0346 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| June 01 2016 The Emergence of the Digital Humanities The Emergence of the Digital Humanities. By Stephen E. Jones. New York: Routledge, 2014; pp. vi + 212. $150.00 cloth; $37.95 paper. Jessica Rudy Jessica Rudy Indiana University, Bloomington Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (2): 360–362. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0360 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Jessica Rudy; The Emergence of the Digital Humanities. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2016; 19 (2): 360–362. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.2.0360 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Reviewed are:—Vernacular Insurrections: Race, Black Protest, and the New Century in Composition-Literacies Studies Carmen Kynard A Language and Power Reader: Representations of Race in a “Post-Racist” Era Robert Eddy and Victor Villanueva, editors

Deep Rhetoric is addressed to philosophy and rhetoric. And, like the journal, its questions emerge from the problem of a long-standing and uncomfortable conjunction, the “and” that divides and joins in one stroke. Over the course of eight chapters or a “series of closely related essays” (8), Crosswhite argues for a redefinition of rhetoric's place within our society's ethical imagination (giving it new “rights” to reason, justice, and wisdom, rights usually given to philosophy) and thereby returns rhetoric firmly to its original arena, the human condition. Such a recovery of rhetoric, if not its empowerment, grounds Crosswhite's concern for questions that philosophy shares with rhetoric only in a kind of grudging détente. It also says a great deal about his claim that rhetoric may be (or perhaps was all along) philosophy's best critic, offering us other ways way of loving wisdom, seeking justice, and contending with violence.A note on “deep:” Crosswhite's “deep” is both a move against philosophy and a gesture toward going “beyond” rhetoric as an academic discipline. Rhetoric began—like philosophy—amid the conditions of humanity: our questions of virtue, community, and communication of both. Rhetoric's migration into a university setting says less about its essences (one being its connection to teaching) and more about how education has shifted away from a concern with those conditions (3). Moreover, as Crosswhite notes, rhetoric has not been treated well in American higher education; it has been especially damaged by “destructive elitist” attitudes that simplify the complex “communication capabilities” needed for social life (3). Yet if rhetoric can go or become “deep” enough, Crosswhite argues, if it can do what it has always done all those times institutions have tried to kill it off—respond to controversies “for a specific time and in a specific place,” ‘hosting’ them as honest and useful (6)—then it will thrive. In the end, Crosswhite is after this fully “critical, creative, and truthful” rhetoric (177).Crosswhite solidifies rhetoric's “rapprochement” with philosophy (177) in chapters 5 and 6, an extensive and productive reading of Heidegger. The work of that German philosopher/rhetorician is one of many shared substances between the two schools of thought that Crosswhite gives attention to throughout the book. A typical review would summarize those substances and their attendant chapters, moving toward an analytical climax. Yet a fair reviewer knows such a limited space cannot do justice to Crosswhite's dense arguments, especially about Heidegger. And also Crosswhite covers some old ground. I will not rehearse his expansion on Chaïm Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca's 1969 work (chapter 7). Readers of this journal know that Crosswhite organized and oversaw a special issue in 2010 about the legacy of The New Rhetoric.Crosswhite's individual chapters are not as important as his work on concepts that bring rhetoric into its “deeper” self. Crosswhite argues for a retrieval of four concepts “from millennia of philosophical and theological reifications” (79).1 It is these concepts—transcendence, psychagōgia, logos, and humanism—that deserve a reviewer's (and reader's) attention. Their development throughout the essays shows in a more direct way how this book situates itself within rhetorical theory and the history of rhetoric and in relation to the progress that has been made in both of those arenas in the second half of the twentieth century. These concepts are not new to philosophy or rhetoric, but taken as a whole they define the “deepest” rhetoric.Crosswhite's rhetorical attention to these concepts highlights a significant difference between philosophy and rhetoric: he insists that rhetoric resist the urge for an epistemological telos, prominent in philosophy. Thus a “deep” rhetoric pursues a direction but acknowledges that such a pursuit consistently destabilizes any actual arriving. In that frame, Crosswhite expends the first one hundred pages or so (chapters 1 and 2) trying to name but not terminally define “deep rhetoric” through these concepts; the rescued concepts become mines in which Crosswhite repeatedly enters, not because he is looking for “gold” but because he wants to describe rhetoric as the work of mining. And so he claims rhetoric as a “way of being.” This claim is not new to rhetorical theory, but what makes Crosswhite's attempt so persuasive is the ambitiousness of the book as evidenced in the depth of the mining, which extends past the first two chapters, the concepts aiding his analysis of justice, violence, and wisdom. Along with this depth, the book's breadth also argues forcefully that one does not “study” rhetoric so much as live it, because its influence is felt across the human condition. That is what makes rhetoric philosophical or, better, what makes philosophy rhetorical. And the living is an entangled, material existence. Mixing humor and serious scholarship, for example, Crosswhite couples his close reading of Heidegger with an explanation of how silence and logos inhabit the manner in which he and his wife share a bed.Living amid others requires the practice of transcendence, the first of the key concepts. Crosswhite writes that rhetoric as transcendence is “a way we open ourselves to the influence of what is beyond ourselves and become receptive, a way we participate in a larger world and become open to the lives of others, a way we learn and change” (17). This participation is a meeting with each other “in language of some kind” (61), equal to “our being-in-logos” (56). In the eternal battle between rhetoric and philosophy, rhetoric's practice in the mundane (as opposed to philosophy's attachment to the ideal seen in Plato's heavenly visions) has been seen as a weakness. In Crosswhite's estimation this lack of heavenly transcendence is not a negative when seen through a different frame. Crosswhite argues that rhetoric is “something we are, not something we have” (61). This implies a different relationship to philosophy, one hidden by “knowledge” as a having. In addition, rhetorical transcendence has an “ethical force” because ethics is “constitutive of rhetoric” (107). That force certainly has something to do with “the good,” but it does not entail imposing that “good” on others through violence, physical or rhetorical. For Crosswhite the difference between an ethical transcendence and what he calls a “warrior theory of transcendence” is the latter's lack of restraint (117). This lack is best seen in Plato's description of Gorgias: he is a man who seeks “conquest and domination” along with wealth for himself (117), but ironically his rhetoric is not rhetorical enough. “Socrates' real charge against Gorgias's rhetoric is that it does not go deep enough” (124, emphasis his). In other words, rhetoric may have been a skill or “discipline” for the Sophist but not a manner of life and so less than ethical. That ethical manner of life is a constant communicative examination, a questioning of what we claim to know and put “under” our power. This opens us to something or someone else.This communicative examination is part of the second concept, psychagōgia. Translated as “leading the soul,” this Platonic notion is a “special power” of logos (different than its usual association with sophistic magic or spellbinding) that Crosswhite draws out from the gospel of John, known for its description of Logos as the Word of God. “Pros ton theon” (“toward the god”) becomes the lack of “possession or knowledge of an ultimate being” or “definite, certain, foreseeable, outcomes” (31) or a “not-having, a way of comporting oneself toward but not a way of actually knowing or grasping or achieving the goal” (30). This restraint is what makes this concept a rhetorical one rather than a philosophical one. Psychagōgia as a practice of “deep rhetoric” is “a life of pursuing and loving that stretches out toward wisdom but never arrives at it” (253). This “limited” power is a power “to which one must yield and not simply a power that one attempts to master and use for oneself” (133). Such a limitation makes rhetoric more ethical than its more end-orientated sister, philosophy. And a “deep rhetoric” internalizes this limitation on a primal level. One might suggest that what keeps philosophy grounded—that is, what prevents its heavenly transcendence—is its rhetorical “leading.”Psychagōgia is something “which we can never completely objectify” (131). This is because of its relation to logos, the third concept. Logos “moves in and against the semiotic languages of human beings; it makes them possible, but it works strongly against their certainties and ideologies” (79). Yet this “it” is not “a thing but a direction” (79). In terms of the gospel of John it is “the dynamic movement toward and into G-d,” and it must continue moving toward that which “will always exceed the forms of comprehension that lead toward it” (34). In the words of Ralph Waldo Emerson, rhetoric's “essence [as logos] is its onwardness” (79) or its experiencing of psychagōgia. This particular formation has implications for rhetoric as it continues its ethical turn. Rhetorical scholars have struggled indirectly with the content of rhetoric and so also with the content of its ethic. But if it is toward a good, if it is a leading toward, then rhetoric is not suspicious but in line with the w/Word as a calling toward. Such a leading toward enhances the power of language, a win for rhetoric.Or in Heidegger's thinking, rhetoric “is an awareness of” a logos, an awareness “deeper” that extends beyond the discipline, a “more original” logos of “communication, controversy, deliberation, and being-with-one-another—the essential sociality of Dasein” (195). This “ungrounded” logos (197) appears as Crosswhite pushes past what he sees as Heidegger's self-centered “authenticity” toward “a richer conception of logos and a more complex vision of sociality” (198). Conceptualizing “sociality” as that which is human, Crosswhite argues that human “beings” are not “simple entities, enclosed in themselves, but are movements toward and away from each other,” the world, themselves, and “whatever else their transcendence reveals” (174). These movements are both inherently rhetorical and ethical, movements toward a good.It is the movement of logos—the quintessence of rhetoric in a way—that violence puts to an end. And yet, in Crosswhite's opinion, rhetorical violence is often the response to physical violence. Here he contends with Walter Benjamin's “Critique of Violence,” suggesting that as much as it offers productive paths, it also is “intellectually traumatized” by the wars of the twentieth century and so is “an extreme example” of this tendency toward violence in response to violence (Benjamin argues for a divine violence that would overwhelm a mythic violence) (168–69). Crosswhite refuses any solution to violence (ontotheological or otherwise) and argues for a “suffering” rhetoric, one that experiences and endures violence (166). The best response to violence is a “deep rhetoric” that both prevents “overarching” theories and that is “carefully attuned” to a form of the human as sociality amid transcendence. Yet Crosswhite stumbles a bit here. At times his own analysis is as abstract as Benjamin's. More profoundly, although Crosswhite suggests that Benjamin needs a type of violence, many readers of Benjamin might disagree. Even if one accepts that Benjamin does indeed have such a need, the argument between the two is a larger one concerning rhetoric and religion. One cannot easily dismiss Benjamin's theological adherence to some form of messianic glory, Jewish or otherwise, merely because of the effects of war. And perhaps our lack of intellectual traumatization due to the wars of the twenty-first century says more than we let on. In the end, many religions answer violence with a “suffering” savior. Ironically, Crosswhite describes his response to violence as a more human, “less ultimate” work of justice and peace, a kenosis ironically not unlike that of the primary character in the gospel of John.On the other hand, Crosswhite's argument against violence certainly has value and legitimacy, and it grounds his central claim on a related subject: humans need to do more work (rhetorical and otherwise) to effect justice. However, when Crosswhite dabbles in religious rhetoric (along with the gospel on John, he draws on Augustine, Buddhist meditation, and the Hebraic tradition to develop his idea of rhetorical wisdom in the last chapter), he does not go deep enough. He draws from these rhetorical depths, but he seems to stop at moments when they could offer more. Ironically, as Crosswhite shows in his interaction with wisdom in the last chapter, it is religion in part that makes possible his most substantial critique of Heidegger, namely, that Heidegger does not go deep enough into human sociality. In fairness Crosswhite notes that he has worked to show the “formal similarities” of explicit religious rhetoric to his own “deep rhetoric” (366) but also admits he could only give a “preliminary account” of this relationship (367). In a less than generous reading, the whole book itself is only a “preliminary account” of a deep rhetoric, leaving readers wanting more. In a generous reading, this is exactly what a philosophical rhetoric is supposed to do: keep the conversation moving. In other words, as with most of our best scholarship, its strength is also its weakness.The last of Crosswhite's four concepts—humanism—certainly poses the questions that religion does but does not define the human exclusively in religious terms. Like a rhetorical justice, the “human” and its attendant wisdom is “for a time” (54). For Crosswhite, humanism is not about “realizing a specifically human essence,” such as rationality, but about “struggling for human dignity,” dignity here being understood as a freedom to develop (46). Deep rhetoric thus must “prevent its own humanism from congealing into something reified and dogmatic” (56). Humanism is not just dynamic but also ethical, limiting itself, and thereby making itself accountable to others. This is the human condition to which a deep rhetoric “aspires” (222), a condition achievable, yet always achieved kairotically, within time, space, and logos. Many rhetorical scholars could enthusiastically embrace this definition, mainly because it emphasizes both a looking back and a future orientation.In the end Deep Rhetoric is certainly a virtuous keystone (perhaps not yet a capstone) to the long process of “mining” within Crosswhite's thinking that began with his own dissertation on Heidegger nearly thirty years ago. It is also a broad survey of the ways in which rhetoric can and should become a different kind of philosophy, its own kind. The book is both deep and wide, and its movement steers us toward something that can be called good. If indeed this is a sustained direction for rhetorical theory in the future (and I hope it is), Crosswhite's book will be read for a long time.

Book Review| May 01 2016 Review: Orfeo in Ovidio. La creazione di un nuovo epos, by Alessandra Romeo Alessandra Romeo, Orfeo in Ovidio. La creazione di un nuovo epos, Soveria Mannelli: Rubbettino, 2012, 198 pp. ISBN 9788849834260 Donatella Puliga Donatella Puliga Donatella Puliga Centro di Antropologia e Mondo Antico Università di Siena Via Roma 47 53100 SIENA donatella.puliga@unisi.it Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rhetorica (2016) 34 (2): 219–220. https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2016.34.2.219 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Donatella Puliga; Review: Orfeo in Ovidio. La creazione di un nuovo epos, by Alessandra Romeo. Rhetorica 1 May 2016; 34 (2): 219–220. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2016.34.2.219 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentRhetorica Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2016 by The International Society for the History of Rhetoric. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Reprints and Permissions web page, http://www.ucpress.edu/journals.php?p=reprints.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| May 01 2016 Review: Rhetoric and the Writing of History, 400–1500, by Matthew Kempshall, and Orosius and the Rhetoric of History, by Peter Van Nuffelen Matthew Kempshall, Rhetoric and the Writing of History, 400–1500, Manchester University Press, 2012, x + 627 pp. ISBN 9780719070310Peter Van Nuffelen, Orosius and the Rhetoric of History, Oxford University Press, 2012, viii + 252 pp. ISBN 9780199655274 Cam Grey Cam Grey Cam Grey Department of Classical Studies University of Pennsylvania 201 Claudia Cohen Hall 249 S 36th St Philadelphia, PA 19104 cgrey@sas.upenn.edu Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rhetorica (2016) 34 (2): 216–218. https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2016.34.2.216 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Cam Grey; Review: Rhetoric and the Writing of History, 400–1500, by Matthew Kempshall, and Orosius and the Rhetoric of History, by Peter Van Nuffelen. Rhetorica 1 May 2016; 34 (2): 216–218. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2016.34.2.216 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentRhetorica Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2016 by The International Society for the History of Rhetoric. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Reprints and Permissions web page, http://www.ucpress.edu/journals.php?p=reprints.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Review| May 01 2016 Review: Recollecte super Poetria magistri Gualfredi, by Guizzardo da Bologna Guizzardo da Bologna, Recollecte super Poetria magistri Gualfredi, a cura di D. Losappio, Gli Umanisti, 3), Verona: Fiorini, 2013, IX + 290 pp. ISBN 9788896419588 Costantino Marmo Costantino Marmo Costantino Marmo Dipartimento di Filosofia e Comunicazione Università di Bologna via Azzo Gardino 23 40122 Bologna - Italia costantino.marmo@unibo.it Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rhetorica (2016) 34 (2): 212–216. https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2016.34.2.212 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Costantino Marmo; Review: Recollecte super Poetria magistri Gualfredi, by Guizzardo da Bologna. Rhetorica 1 May 2016; 34 (2): 212–216. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2016.34.2.212 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentRhetorica Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2016 by The International Society for the History of Rhetoric. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Reprints and Permissions web page, http://www.ucpress.edu/journals.php?p=reprints.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book review.

Reviewed are: Redesigning Composition for Multilingual Realities, by Jay Jordan, Reviewed by Jessie Casteel, Ben Good, Katherine Highfill, Elizabeth Keating, Rose Pentecost,Nidhi Rajkumar, Rachael Sears, Georgeann Ward, and Maurice WilsonSecuring a Place for Reading in Composition, by Ellen C. Carillo, Reviewed by Ronna Levy

This column reviews four books that illustrate the idea that our locations shape our meaning-making processes. She notes how each author frames the social justice issue at the heart of her or his analysis, paying close attention to how visible the Indigenous presence is as well as the settler colonialism involved in each. The resulting readings are not so much as critique of these studies, but rather show how explicit attention to the settler colonial situation might inform understandings of the relationships between rhetoric, writing, and structures of oppression in the United States, whether or not one’s work focuses primarily on Native American issues.

The purpose of this study is to construct and validate a scale of electronic health (e-health) communication competence. Based on a comprehensive review of e-health literature, this scale was constructed using two studies to gather data and validate the scale; four dimensions emerged in the final measurement: e-health self-efficacy, knowledge, usage, and motivation. Results suggest the e-health competence scale is useful for researchers to develop online health interventions and other domains of computer-mediated communication.

Research problem: This study investigates the phenomenon of user-generated content strategy in an open-source, wiki-based content-management system (CMS) for the repair of technological devices (http://ifixit.com). By “user-generated content strategy,” we mean processes for developing systems for producing, moderating, and encouraging user-generated content. Research questions: (1) What strategies, or holistic means of organizing content, are used to manage repair manual content via an open-source, wiki-based content-management system that relies on content generated by a wide variety of users? (2) What content rules, or logical premises for how and where content is developed, emerge from a qualitative case study of such a CMS? Literature review: Though a wealth of empirical research has been conducted into user-generated content, few studies have focused on the explicit strategies employed by organizations to develop and encourage such content. At the same time, several recent calls by researchers in both academia and industry have indicated a need for such content models. Some of the challenges these thinkers have noted with creating user-generated content strategies include the difficulty of maintaining a consistent strategy across content generated by users who don't necessarily understand what strategies are in place, as well as maintaining a modicum of quality assurance without squelching user participation. Methodology: We conducted a content audit of iFixit's main educational initiative, the Technical Writing Project (http://edu.ifixit.com) to identify strategies iFixit uses to organize content in this initiative. iFixit is an open-source wiki to help users repair their own devices. We supplemented the audit with interviews with student participants in the project and iFixit technical writing staff to find out what technologies and other affordances affected users of the iFixit Technical Writing Project. Results and conclusions: The main user-generated content strategies used by iFixit include allowing users a wide range of means to participate (such as posting comments or developing their own repair guides), using a content moderation queue (or simple interface for seeing all updates to the wiki), ensuring quality assurance of all repair guide content through redundancy (such as making sure experienced users vetted every published guide), and staging (or arranging information in a linear sequence) information in a multimodal fashion (using multiple modes of communication to reinforce the same information). Such strategies represent a commitment by iFixit to opening up practices that are central to creating content, such as repair documentation, to any interested internet user. Lessons for organizations who wish to encourage user-generated content include developing strategies that protect users from the worst consequences of their actions, that encourage participation, and that allow for experienced users to vet new content.

Research problem: Content strategy, whether narrowly focused on the production of web-based materials for customers or managing the data, information, and documentation of an entire enterprise, has become the latest in a series of movements and methods that have sought to improve the integration of professional and technical communication with the marketing, training, and business processes of organizations. Research questions: How is content strategy defined and described in professional and scholarly literature? What do these definitions and descriptions suggest about the direction of the field of professional and technical communication? Literature review: The theoretical foundation of this study is Classical Rhetorical theory which, for thousands of years, has provided critical methods and vocabularies for the analysis of discourse; my purpose in using it here is to rely on a consistent lens that has served professional and technical communicators well. Classical rhetorical principles can give us useful insight into content strategy, the latest in a series of movements that have captured the attention of professional and technical communicators because they have promised to expand the scope of the work and move the work from the fringes of organizational activity to the center. Previous movements include knowledge management, single sourcing, and content management. Methodology: Because content strategy is an emerging area, I conducted an integrative literature review to characterize this emerging field. This involved a systematic search of peer-reviewed and professional literature on content strategy that met specific qualifications, reading and collecting information from each source about its answers to the research question and its authorship, and analyzing those data to find patterns in them. Results and conclusions: Because only two peer-reviewed sources existed on content strategy, the majority of the literature reviewed emerged from the trade press. I survey the definitions of content and content strategy provided by this literature, and found that almost every definition uses content as part of the definition, leading to some lack of clarity in all of those definitions. But three areas of consensus exist among the definitions: that content strategy is: (a) more inclusive of the lifecycle of content (addressing the processes of creating, revising, approving, publishing, and revising material), (b) integrated with technical and business requirements, and (c) largely focused on material used by customers and, therefore, focused on marketing and support documents. It primarily focuses on traditional genres of content and overlooks emerging genres. The literature suggests that content strategy provides a pathway to make the work of technical communicators more central to organizations. But the literature offers only broad advice for doing so, with few examples (other than some specific templates, which primarily benefit those who already have experience with content strategy). The advice primarily comes from authors working in consulting firms and, as a result, might not reflect the challenges that professional and technical communicators who work internally experience.

Reviews Guizzardo da Bologna, Recollecte super Poetria magistri Gualfredi, a cura di D. Losappio, Gli Umanisti, 3), Verona: Fiorini, 2013, IX + 290 pp. ISBN 9788896419588 Il commento di Guizzardo da Bologna alla Poetria nova di Goffredo de Vino Salvo (Vinsauf) costituisce un documento molto intéressante che arricchisce l'immagine del panorama culturale delle université italiane degli inizi del Trecento. L'editore del testo, Domenico Losappio, ricostruisce con grande rigore, nella sua introduzione, le vicende biografiche e accademiche di Guizzardo, avanzando alcune ipotesi sulTorigine del suo commento. Di nascita bolognese, Guizzardo potrebbe aver insegnato grammatica e retorica nello Studio bolognese tra la fine del XIII secolo e l'inizio del XIV (ma non si hanno che deboli indizi in questo senso); lo troviamo, invece, con certezza all'Università di Siena dal 1306 come docente di grammatica, a seguito della soppressione dello Studio bolognese da parte del legato papale, cardi­ nale Napoleone Orsini, e della conseguente emigrazione di docenti, tra i quali anche Dino Del Garbo, dallo Studio stesso; nel 1321 gli viene conferito un incarico presso il nascente Studio florentino, dove insegna grammatica, lógica e filosofia. Tra l'incarico a Siena e quello a Firenze, cioè tra il 1315 e il 1320 (o, meno probabilmente, in periodo precedente al periodo senese) potrebbero collocarsi sia un suo magistero a Padova, sia la composizione del commento alia Poetria nova. L'editore, dopo aver illustrato le modalité con cui la retorica veniva insegnata tra fine XIII e inizio XIV secolo a Bologna, dove si passa dalTesclusivo insegnamento delTars dictaminis alla lettura della Rhetorica ad Herennium (in particolare), ipotizza che a Padova nello stesso periodo si cominciasse invece a leggere la Poetria nova al posto delTÁd Herennium (p. 57). In questo senso indirizzano alcuni elementi, attentamente discussi e valutati dall 'editore. In primo luogo, Latfinità testuale e culturale con un altro commento italiano alla Poetria nova (dei quattro conservad), quello di Pace da Ferrara, che probabilmente insegnô all'Università di Padova, secondo lo studio che Marjorie C. Woods ha dedicato ai commenti alia Poetria nova. In secondo luogo, la testimonianza di un altro maestro di ars dictaminis, Bichilino da Spello, e il quadro interpretativo che della Poetria nova egli fomisce nel proemio al suo Pomérium rethorice, composto a Padova nel 1304: per questo maestro sia il Candelabrum di Bene da Firenze, sia la Poetria nova costituiscono le fonti prin­ cipal! da cui ricavare la teoria del dictamen e afferma di averti usati entrambi Rhetorica, Vol. XXXIV, Issue 2, pp. 212-220. ISSN: 0734-8584, electronic ISSN: 1533-8541. © 2016 by The International Society for the History of Rhetoric. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Reprints and Permissions web page, http://www.ucpress.edu/joumals.php?p=reprints. DOI: 10.1525/rh.2016.34.2.212. Reviews 213 nel proprio insegnamentó presso lo Studio patavino. Il commento di Guizzardo si inseiirebbe quindi in un contesto culturale, quello padovano, giá pronto a recepire la novità dell'insegnamento della Poetria nova come trattato di ars dictaniinis. L editore presta un attenzione particolare, nell'introduzione come nelle note che accompagnano l'edizione, alie fonti del commento. Le principali, soprattutto per la parte dedicata ai colores rhetorici, sono senz'altro la Rhetorica ad Herenmum, utilizzata sovente, e giustamente, come chiave di lettura della Poetria, il Candelabrum di Bene da Firenze e, probabilmente, il Cedrits Libani di Bono da Lucca (che sarebbe di poco anteriore al commento stesso): è spesso da un libero utilizzo di queste tre fonti che emerge il testo di Guizzardo, che a volte trae da un testo la definizione e da un altro gli esempi o altri dettagli esplicativi. Un elenco delle altre fonti utilizzate ci fornisce un'idea della formazione di Guizzardo, molto ampia sul versante letterario (andando dalla Consolatio plnlosopluae ai Disticha Catonis, da Giovenale a Ovidio, da Stazio a Terenzio), molto piu ristretta e convenzionale quella relativa a discipline affini, come la grammatica o la lógica (su cui torneremo). II commento si presenta come una expositio letterale del testo di Goffredo, preceduta da un breve proemio in cui Guizzardo colloca la disciplina poética...

Reviewed are: Writing across Contexts: Transfer, Composition, and the Sites of Writing, by Kathleen Blake Yancey, Liane Robertson, and Kara Taczak, Reviewed by Polina Chemishanova Understanding Language Use in the Classroom: A Linguistic Guide for College Educators, by Susan J. Behrens, Reviewed by Patty Wilde Creative Writing and Education, edited by Graeme Harper, Reviewed by Mitch James

Book Review| March 01 2016 A Voice that Could Stir an Army: Fannie Lou Hamer and the Rhetoric of the Black Freedom Movement A Voice that Could Stir an Army: Fannie Lou Hamer and the Rhetoric of the Black Freedom Movement. By Maegan Parker Brooks. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2014; pp. 314. $60.00 cloth. Aric Putnam Aric Putnam St. John’s University and the College of Saint Benedict Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2016) 19 (1): 144–147. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.1.0144 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Aric Putnam; A Voice that Could Stir an Army: Fannie Lou Hamer and the Rhetoric of the Black Freedom Movement. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 March 2016; 19 (1): 144–147. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.19.1.0144 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2016 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2016 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.