-
Ahmadian (2017)
Language learners’ and teachers’ perceptions of task repetition
-
Awwad (2019)
L2 learners’ and professionals’ perceptions of cognitive task complexity: Towards develop…
The Journal of Asia TEFL
-
Awwad (2022)
Task complexity, language proficiency and working memory: Interaction effects on second l…
IRAL-International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching
↗
-
Baralt (2013)
The impact of cognitive complexity on feedback efficacy during online versus face-to-face…
Studies in Second Language Acquisition
↗
-
Britton (1982)
Effects of prior knowledge on use of cognitive capacity in three complex cognitive tasks
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior
↗
-
Bui (2021)
Influence of learners’ prior knowledge, L2 proficiency and pre-task planning on L2 lexica…
International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching
↗
-
Campbell (2013)
Coding in-depth semistructured interviews: Problems of unitization and intercoder reliabi…
Sociological Methods Research
↗
-
Cohen (1988)
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
-
Donate (2018)
Cognitive task complexity, foreign language anxiety and L2 performance in Spanish: A task-based language teaching perspective (doctoral dissertation)
-
Dörnyei (1992)
Validation of the C-test amongst Hungarian EFL learners
-
Ellis (2017)
Position paper: Moving task-based language teaching forward
-
Ellis (2020)
Task-based language
teaching: Theory and practice
-
Field (2018)
Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics
-
Frear (2015)
The effects of cognitive task complexity on writing complexity
Journal of Second Language Writing
↗
-
Gilabert (2007)
The simultaneous manipulation of task complexity along planning time and (+/－ here-and-no…
Investigating tasks in formal language learning
-
Gu (2021)
Cognitive load in Chinese EFL learners’ production: Effects of output modality and topic …
Foreign Language World
-
Gu (2021)
The effects of strategic planning on L2 oral production and cognitive load
Journal of PLA University of Foreign Languages
-
He (2012)
Topical knowledge and ESL writing
-
Jennings (1999)
The test-takers’ choice: An investigation of the effect of topic on language-test performance
Language Testing
-
Johnson (2017)
Cognitive task complexity and L2 written syntactic complexity, accuracy, lexical complexi…
Journal of Second Language Writing
↗
-
Kang (2019)
Are two heads always better than one? The effects of collaborative planning on L2 writing…
Journal of Second Language Writing
↗
-
Khabbazbashi (2017)
Topic and background knowledge effects on performance in speaking assessment
-
Kormos (2012)
The role of task complexity, modality, and aptitude in narrative task performance: Task c…
-
Lambert (2014)
Learning to perform narrative tasks: A semester-long classroom study of L2 task sequencin…
Task sequencing and instructed second language learning
-
Lee (2019)
Task complexity, cognitive load, and L1 speech
-
Lee (2020)
Task closure and task complexity effects on L2 written performance
Journal of Second Language Writing
↗
-
Levkina (2014)
Task sequencing in L2 development of spatial expressions
Task sequencing and instructed second language learning
-
Li (2024)
The dynamics and mediating factors of students’ emotional and social engagement in a proj…
-
Long (2017)
Questions and answers on task-based language teaching
International Chinese Language Education
-
Malicka (2020)
The role of task sequencing in fluency, accuracy, and complexity: Investigating the SSARC…
Language Teaching Research
↗
-
Norris (2003)
Defining and measuring SLA
The handbook of second language acquisition
-
Nuevo (2011)
Task complexity, modified output, and L2 development in learner-learner interaction
Second language task complexity: researching the Cognition Hypothesis of language learning and performance
-
Paas (1994)
Measurement of cognitive load in instructional research
Perceptual and Motor Skills
↗
-
Peng (2023)
Effects of reasoning demands triggered by genre on Chinese EFL learners’ writing performance
Frontiers in Psychology
↗
-
Plonsky (2015)
Advancing quantitative methods in second language research
-
Qiu (2020)
Functions of oral monologic tasks: Effects of topic familiarity on L2 speaking performance
Language Teaching Research
↗
-
Qiu (2024)
Revisiting the Cognition Hypothesis: The impact of task complexity on L2 learner engageme…
Computer Assisted Language Learning
↗
-
Qiu (2017)
Content familiarity, task repetition and Chinese EFL learners’ engagement in second langu…
Language Teaching Research
↗
-
Rahimi (2019)
Effects of increasing the degree of reasoning and the number of elements on L2 argumentat…
Language Teaching Research
↗
-
Rahimi (2018)
Effects of task complexity and planning conditions on L2 argumentative writing production
-
Ren (2025)
The influence of task complexity and task modality on learners’ topic and turn management
IRAL-International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching
↗
-
Rezaei (2023)
Investigating the impact of task complexity on uptake and noticing of corrective feedback…
IRAL-International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching
↗
-
Révész (2014)
Towards a fuller assessment of cognitive models of task-based learning: Investigating tas…
-
Révész (2016)
Teachers’ perspectives on second language task difficulty: Insights from think-aloud and …
Annual Review of Applied Linguistics
↗
-
Révész (2024)
Task-generated processes in second language speech production: Exploring the neural corre…
Studies in Second Language Acquisition
↗
-
Révész (2016)
Measuring cognitive task demands using dual-task methodology, subjective self-ratings, an…
Studies in Second Language Acquisition
↗
-
Révész (2014)
The effects of task complexity and input frequency on the acquisition of the past counter…
-
Robinson (2001)
Task complexity, cognitive resources, and syllabus design: A triadic framework for examin…
Cognition and second language instruction
-
Robinson (2001)
Task complexity, task difficulty, and task production: Exploring interaction in the compo…
-
Robinson (2003)
The Cognitive Hypothesis, task design, and adult task-based learning
Studies in Second Language Acquisition
-
Robinson (2007)
Task complexity, theory of mind, and intentional reasoning: Effects on L2 speech producti…
IRAL - International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching
↗
-
Robinson (2011)
Task-based language learning: A review of issues
-
Robinson (2011)
Second language task complexity: Researching the Cognition Hypothesis of language learning and performance
-
Robinson (2015)
The cognition hypothesis, second language task demands, and the SSARC model of pedagogic …
Domains and directions in the development of TBLT
-
Robinson (2007)
Task complexity, the Cognition Hypothesis and second language learning and performance
IRAL-International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching
↗
-
Sasayama (2016)
Is a “complex” task really complex? Validating the assumption of cognitive task complexity
Modern Language Journal
↗
-
Skehan (1996)
A framework for the implementation of task-based learning
-
Skehan (1998)
A cognitive approach to language learning
-
Skehan (2014)
Processing perspectives on task performance
-
Tao (2025)
Effects of prior knowledge and reasoning demands on Chinese EFL writing performance
Language Teaching Research
↗
-
Tavakoli (2009)
Investigating task difficulty: Learners’ and teachers’ perceptions
International Journal of Applied Linguistics
↗
-
Urwin (1996)
Prior knowledge, pre-tasks, and listening comprehension of learners of Chinese
Task complexity and second language syllabus design: Data-based studies and speculation
-
Vasylets (2017)
The effects of mode and task complexity on second language production: Mode and task complexity
-
Wu (2023)
The effect of pre-task planning on computer-based second language writing
Language Teaching Research
-
Xu (2018)
Effects of cognitive demands on learners’ oral performance and attention allocation
Foreign Languages and Their Teaching
-
Xu (2024)
Engaging L2 learners in information-gap tasks: How task type and topic familiarity affect…
-
Xu (2022)
Examining the relative effects of task complexity and cognitive demands on students’ writ…
Studies in Second Language Acquisition
↗
-
Xu et al. (2023)
Assessing Writing
-
Yang (2020)
The effect of topic familiarity on the complexity, accuracy, and fluency of second langua…
Applied Linguistics Review
↗
-
Yoon (2021)
Challenging the connection between task perceptions and language use in L2 writing: Genre…
Journal of Second Language Writing
↗
-
Zalbidea (2017)
“One task fits all”? The roles of task complexity, modality, and working memory capacity …
Modern Language Journal
↗
-
Zhan (2024)
Effects of manipulating writing task complexity on learners’ performance in completing vo…
Language Teaching Research
↗
-
Zhang (2022)
Understanding assessment tasks: Learners’ and teachers’ perceptions of cognitive load of …