Written Communication Jan 1988

A Contemporary Theory of Explanatory Writing

KATHERINE E. ROWAN

Abstract

Explaining difficult concepts to lay readers is an important discursive goal, and yet frequently the quality of explanatory writing is poor. One reason for this poor quality is that the discursive form itself is not well understood. Some studies have identified textual features of effective explanations; however, theoretical characterizations of explanatory discourse are either unnecessarily narrow or overly general. Consequently, this essay offers a new theory of explanatory discourse that is intended to guide analyses of and stimulate improvements in explanations designed for mass audiences. The theory defines explanatory discourse in terms of a particular goal; promoting understanding for lay readers of some phenomenon. This goal is distinguished from those of promoting awareness of new information, proving a claim, or encouraging agreement with a claim. The utility of the theory is demonstrated by showing how it (1) identifies those research literatures most relevant to improving the quality of written explanations, (2) organizes existing findings on explanatory effectiveness in a way that resolves controversies in the literature, and (3) suggests principles for pedagogy pertaining to explanatory writing.

Journal
Written Communication
Published
1988-01-01
DOI
10.1177/0741088388005001002
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Closed
Topics
discourse analysis writing pedagogy
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Citation Context

Cited by in this index (6)

  1. Kline et al. (2008)
    Procedural Explanations in Mathematics Writing: A Framework for Understanding C…
    Written Communication
  2. Chambliss et al. (2003)
    Fourth Graders Composing Scientific Explanations About the Effects of Pollutant…
    Written Communication
  3. Rowan (1991)
    When Simple Language Fails: Presenting Difficult Science to the Public
    Journal of Technical Writing and Communication
  4. Rowan (1991)
    When Simple Language Fails: Presenting Difficult Science to the Public
    Journal of Technical Writing and Communication
  5. ROWAN (1990)
    Cognitive Correlates of Explanatory Writing Skill: An Analysis of Individual Di…
    Written Communication
Show all 6 →
  1. Rowan (1989)
    Moving beyond the What to the Why: Differences in Professional and Popular Scie…
    Journal of Technical Writing and Communication

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