-
Cumming (2002)
Decision-making while rating ESL/EFL writing tasks: A descriptive framework
Modern Language Journal
↗
-
DeCarlo (2005)
A model of rater behavior in essay grading based on signal detection theory
Journal of Educational Measurement
↗
-
Diederich (1961)
Factors in judgements of writing ability
-
Edgeworth (1890)
The element of chance in competitive examinations
Journal of the Royal Statistical Society
-
Engelhard (1994)
Examining rater errors in the assessment of written composition with a many-faceted Rasch model
Journal of Educational Measurement
↗
-
(2006)
Machine scoring of student essays: Truth and consequences
-
Hamp-Lyons (1991)
Reconstructing “academic writing proficiency”
Assessing second language writing in academic contexts
-
Hamp-Lyons (1988)
Using video in training new readers of assessment essays
Paper Presented at the 6th Annual Conference on Writing Assessment
-
Huot (1990)
College Composition and Communication
-
Kondo-Brown (2002)
A FACETS analysis of rater bias in measuring Japanese L2 writing performance
-
Longford (1994)
Reliability of essay rating and score adjustment
Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics
↗
-
Lumley (2002)
Assessment criteria in a large-scale writing test: What do they really mean to the raters?
-
Moss (1994)
Can there be validity without reliability?
-
Pula (1993)
A model of background influences on holistic raters
Validating holistic scoring for writing assessment: Theoretical and empirical foundations
-
Sakyi (2000)
Validation of holistic scoring for ESL writing assessment: How raters evaluate compositions
Fairness and validation in language assessment: Selected papers from the 19th Language Testing Research Colloquium, Orlando, Florida
-
Schoonen (2005)
Generalizability of writing scores: An application of structural equation modeling
-
Stalnaker (1934)
Reliable reading of essay tests
School Review
-
Vaughan (1991)
Holistic assessment: What goes on in the rater's mind?
Assessing second language writing in academic contexts
-
Warschauer (2006)
Automated writing evaluation: Defining the classroom research agenda
Language Teaching Research
↗
-
Weigle (1994)
Effects of training on raters of ESL compositions
-
White (1985)
Teaching and assessing writing
-
Whithaus (2005)
Teaching and evaluating writing in the age of computers and high-stakes testing
-
Wolfe (1997)
Assessing Writing
-
WOLFE et al. (1998)
Written Communication