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Biber (2011)
Should we use characteristics of conversation to measure grammatical complexity in L2 wri…
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Breland (2005)
Comparability of TOEFL CBT essay prompts: Response-mode analyses
Educational and Psychological Measurement
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Comparability of scores on word-processed and handwritten essays on the graduate manageme…
Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association San Diego, CA, April 13–17
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NNS performance on writing proficiency exams: Focus on students who failed
Journal of Second Language Writing
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Camp (1993)
Changing the model for the direct writing assessment
Validating holistic scoring for writing assessment: theoretical and empirical foundations
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Chen et al. (2011)
Assessing Writing
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Cho (2001)
Examining a process-oriented writing assessment in a large-scale ESL testing context (Doctoral dissertation)
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Choi (2003)
Comparability of a paper-based language test and a computer-based language test
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Chung (2014)
Quality management and stakeholder accountability: Computerization of a mandate-driven placement test (Doctoral dissertation)
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Crossley (2012)
Predicting second language writing proficiency: The roles of cohesion and linguistic soph…
Journal of Research in Reading
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Cumming (2000)
TOEFL 2000 writing framework: A working paper (TOEFL Monograph Series, RM-00-05, TOEFL-MS-18)
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Cumming et al. (2005)
Assessing Writing
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Complementing human judgment of essays written by English language learners with e-rater®…
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College Composition and Communication
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Computerizing an English language placement test
English Language Teaching Journal
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Gebril (2013)
Toward a transparent construct of reading-to-write tasks: The relationship between discou…
Language Assessment Quarterly
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Goodfellow (2002)
Assessing learners’ writing using lexical frequency
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Guo et al. (2013)
Assessing Writing
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Hamp-Lyons (1996)
Issues in ESL writing assessment: An overview
College ESL
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Horkay (2006)
Does it matter if I take my writing test on computer? An empirical study of mode effects …
Journal of Technology, Learning, and Assessment
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Horowitz (1991)
ESL writing assessments: Contradictions and resolutions
Assessing second language writing in academic context
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The computer vs: The pen: A comparative study of word processing in a Hone Kong secondary…
Computer-Assisted Language Learning
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Landis (1977)
The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data models
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Assessing Writing
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Li (2000)
Assessing second language writing: The relationship between computerized analysis and rat…
ILT International Journal of Applied Linguistics
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McCarthy (2010)
MTLD, vocd-D, and HD-D: A validation study of sophisticated approaches to lexical diversi…
Behavior Research Methods
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McNamara (2014)
Automated evaluation of text and discourse with Coh-Metrix
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Min (2005)
Training students to become successful peer reviewers
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Paulus (1999)
The effect of peer and teacher feedback on student writing
Journal of Second Language Writing
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Plakans (2016)
Shaping a score: Complexity, accuracy, and fluency in integrated writing performances
Language Testing
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Plakans (2008)
Assessing Writing
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Powers (1994)
Will they think less of my handwritten essay if others word process theirs? Effects on es…
Journal of Educational Measurement
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Ruetten (1994)
Evaluating ESL students' performance on proficiency exams
Journal of Second Language Writing
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Russell (1997)
Testing writing on computers: An experiment comparing student performance on tests conduc…
Education Policy Analysis Archives
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Russell (2001)
Effects of computer versus paper administration of a state-mandated writing assessment
Teachers College Record
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Schwartz et al. (1994)
Computers and Composition
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Templin (1957)
Certain language skills in children
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Weigle (2004)
Assessing Writing
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Weigle (2010)
Validation of automated scores of TOEFL iBT tasks against non-test indicators of writing …
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Winke (2008)
Computer-assisted language assessment
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Wolfe (2004)
Composition medium comparability in a direct writing assessment of non-native english speakers
Language, Learning, and Technology
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Wolfe et al. (1996)
Assessing Writing
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Wolfe-Quintero (1998)
Second language development in writing: measures of fluency, accuracy, and complexity
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Zhu (1995)
Written Communication