Metaphor is a pragmatic device that might influence how arguments are evaluated. Beyond its cognitive and aesthetic value, metaphor also fosters linguistic intimacy, i.e., the feeling of belonging to an intimate community. The paper hypothesizes that linguistic intimacy might be particularly relevant in ad populum arguments, where a sense of belonging to the community endorsing the argument might influence the acceptance of the conclusion. In ad populum arguments, indeed, metaphors might act as a “concealed invitation” to accept and share a conclusion, encouraging effortful interpretation that results in a feeling of shared community. However, not all ad populum arguments are fallacious: they may reflect reasonable consensus, with the agreement with their conclusion depending on how they are framed. The article presents an empirical study investigating whether conventional and novel emotive metaphors vs. their literal counterparts within ad populum premises increase participants’ acceptance of the argument conclusion. The results showed that especially novel and negative metaphors in the premises make people less prone to evaluate the conclusion of ad populum arguments as logically acceptable, while conventional and positive metaphors in the premises makes them feel intimacy with the group of people supporting the conclusion, more easily leading to agreement with their conclusion.

Marking the point of departure of the clause, Theme position is used to identify subject matter, the writer’s angle on that subject matter, and the direction of travel of the text. Learning to exploit this cohesive resource is essential to the learning-to-write process, becoming increasingly relevant in late childhood as children begin to write longer texts in a wider variety of registers. This research explores how children achieve this, by comparing texts written by 17 children aged 8-9 and 9-10 years, analyzing changes to thematization and identifying children’s “gateways” into new repertoires. Findings reveal that the writers’ choice of “macroTheme” (an overarching initial thesis statement) significantly influenced subsequent thematic choices. Furthermore, experimentation with new thematic resources reflected the writers’ adoption of a meta-perspective elicited by appropriation of modeled macroThemes, the integration of counterarguments, and recognition of the potential of abstract Themes to provide new insights into lived experience.

Scottish Gaelic, an endangered language, has attracted small pockets of learners in the U.S. This essay explores the complicated, contradictory, and affective reasons Scottish Gaelic learners in the US take up their learning practices, examining the love stories at the heart of learner’s accounts of learning activity. The author argues that cultural and community-based love stories have much to teach community literacy scholars as they help us to understand the deeply emotional bonds language learners build within the linguistic communities they seek to join. These stories traffic in the concept of the “New Gael” (Dunmore, 2025) a product of Gaelic diaspora, a figure that provides a road map for countering the effects of historical erasures in the U.S. as it foregrounds the post-vernacular and translingual realities of Indigenous language revitalization within global movements for cultural and linguistic sovereignty.

Abstract: The article focuses on blame, the less fortunate pole of the pair on which the epideictic genre has traditionally been built. Picking up on Pernot’s idea that, despite its apparent symmetry, the relationship between praise and blame is in fact strongly unbalanced in favor of praise, a reflection is proposed on the role that the aggressive word, if relocated within the horizon of the epideictic genre, can still play in the public sphere.

Abstract: In the Rhétorique de l’éloge L. Pernot elucidates the purposes of ekphrasis in speeches of praise, identifying them in the evocation of pleasant sensations or strong emotions (pity or indignation). In both circumstances the contribution of vividness (ἐνάρ-γεια) is important. This paper draws inspiration from the words of L. Pernot to link ἔκφρασις and διατύπωσις, often wrongly considered synonymous, to different purposes of description and to explain the word-image relationship in the rhetoric of social media.

Abstract The Institute for Creation Research (ICR) opened the Discovery Center for Science and Earth History in Dallas, Texas in September 2019. Through immersive exhibits and advanced technology, the museum communicates what ICR purports to be the truth of creation science. Informed by the rhetorical concept of copia, I argue that the Discovery Center deploys sensory evidence to support creationism through the rhetorical strategies of rotation, immersion, and interruption. These material strategies use the senses as vehicles to communicate multiple arguments simultaneously, direct museumgoers’ attention, and amplify lived experiences as valid ways of knowing and evaluating the science of human origins. I conclude by noting the role of sensory rhetorical strategies in other scientific controversies and encouraging additional scholarship into how sensory evidence offers convincing challenges to scientific knowledge.

Using a multi-methodological approach, we analyze member comments in Watts Up With That (WUWT), a climate skeptical Facebook group. Quantitative topic modeling revealed that members claim hyperrationality to undermine climate science. Science-based terms were often connected to other topics, such as immigration and LGBTQ+ rights, creating rhetorical constellations that shifted rhetoric from technical spaces into political and ideological ones. These findings have implications for dealing with the challenge of misinformation’s circulation on social media.

AbstractThe phenomenon of defeasibility has long been a central theme in legal literature. This essay aims to shed new light on that phenomenon by clarifying some fundamental conceptual issues. First, the most widespread definition of legal defeasibility is examined and criticized. The essay shows that such a definition is poorly constructed, inaccurate and generates many problems. Indeed, the definition hides the close relationship between legal defeasibility and legal interpretation. Second, this essay argues that no new definition is needed. I will show that from an interpretative standpoint, there is nothing special about legal defeasibility. Contrary to what some authors maintain, no unique or privileged source of legal defeasibility exists, nor are there privileged arguments to justify it. Specifically, legal defeasibility refers to interpretative outcomes deriving from interpretative arguments that, on the one hand, are very different from one another, and, on the other, are often employed to justify different interpretative outcomes. In the legal field, the problems related to defeasibility have little in common with the problems that this label covers in other areas—such as logic or epistemology—and they are nothing but the well-known problems related to legal interpretation. In conclusion, this paper argues that as far as legal argumentation is concerned, the notion of legal defeasibility lacks explanatory power, and it should be abandoned.

Using weekly Writing Accountability Groups in intro-level writing courses provides benefits for both instructors and students without taking up synchronous class time.

This study surveyed and analyzed feminist methodologies in four composition journals across ten years. Our findings offer a number of important checks upon methodological and epistemological conversations in composition research, particularly how the methods we choose demonstrate our attention to social justice, the materialities of research practice, and the situatedness of knowledge claims.

Abstract In this conversation series, we discuss some of the enduring and evolving interests that the subfield of visual rhetoric provokes for us. We begin with how we found visual rhetoric; questions of disciplinarity and methodology; issues of archive and field; concerns about the objects and scenes for visual rhetoric; and conclude with a focus on the future, core and evolving concepts, and pedagogy.

Thematic analysis of interviews with 22 managers highlight their perspectives on exemplary and unacceptable workplace communication skills. Exemplary skills were perceived to be relatability, documentation, and audience awareness/adaptation, while unacceptable skills were verbal aggression, deception, and defensive communication behaviors. The findings contribute to closing-the-gap research by identifying highly notable skills—both positive and negative—on typical lists of business and professional communication skills. This study also enriches anticipatory socialization scholarship by its application to vocational preparation. Business and professional communication instructors can use the findings here when deciding what topics to emphasize in a course.

Book Review| November 01 2020 Review: Rhetorical Strategies in Late Antique Literature. Images, Metatexts and Interpretation, edited by A. Quiroga Puertas A. Quiroga Puertas ed., Rhetorical Strategies in Late Antique Literature. Images, Metatexts and Interpretation, (Mnemosyne Supplements 406), Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2017. 227 pp. ISBN 9789004340091 Francesco Berardi Francesco Berardi University of Chieti Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rhetorica (2020) 38 (4): 432–435. https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2020.38.4.432 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Francesco Berardi; Review: Rhetorical Strategies in Late Antique Literature. Images, Metatexts and Interpretation, edited by A. Quiroga Puertas. Rhetorica 1 November 2020; 38 (4): 432–435. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2020.38.4.432 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentRhetorica Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2020 by The International Society for the History of Rhetoric. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Reprints and Permissions web page, http://www.ucpress.edu/journals.php?p=reprints.2020The International Society for the History of Rhetoric Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Book Reviews A. Quiroga Puertas ed.z Rhetorical Strategies in Late Antique Literature. Images, Metatexts and Interpretation, (Mnemosyne Supplements 406), Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2017. 227 pp. ISBN 9789004340091 Gli studi sulla letteratura nel tardo-antico si arricchiscono di un prezioso e agile strumento di ricerca grazie alia pubblicazione, a cura di A. Quiroga Puertas, di una raccolta di saggi su testi e autori di II-V sec. L'approccio esegetico e di natura retorica e tende a individuare nelle fonti le diverse soluzioni adottate dagli scrittori per rispondere alle istanze che le mutate condizioni sociali, politiche e culturali hanno imposto alia comunicazione letteraria. L'introduzione di Lieve Van Hoof (pp. 1-6) apprezza il contributo che la mis­ cellanea porta alia bibliografia di settore: l'analisi di testi trascurati, come il Simposio di Metodio o le Vite di Eunapio, ma anche il ricorso a un'ampia gamma di "interpretative strategies'' che, aggiungiamo noi, e possibile declinare in rapporto ai tre motivi-guida evocati nel sottotitolo. L'interesse per le immagini e in generale per gli effetti di evidenza visiva provocati dal testo sostanzia i lavori di J. B. Torres Guerra, A. Quiroga Puertas, L. Miguelez Cavero. J. B. Torres Guerra (Image and Word in Eusebius of Caesarea, VC 3.4-24: Constantine in Nicaea, pp. 73-89) prende in esame la descrizione dell'ingresso solenne di Costantino al concilio di Nicea nel terzo libro della Vita omonima per analizzare le tecniche ecfrastiche usate da Eusebio di Cesarea per rappresentare vividamente la scena. L'attenzione alia registrazione dei dati visivi si traduce nella costruzione di un autentico tableau vivant in cui ogni particolare assume valore simbolico per esprimere l'idea di ordine e armonia assicurati all'impero e alia cristianita dal monarca. A. Quiroga Puertas (In Heaven unlike on Earth. Rhetorical Strategies in Julian's Caesars, pp. 90-103) ritrova la stessa relazione tra ekphrasis e propaganda politica nelle Vite dei Cesari di Giuliano dove l'allusione si carica di valenze filosofiche legate al Neoplatonismo nella scena del banchetto di dei e imperatori (307c-308b), mentre il riuso dei procedimenti encomiastici codificati dalla precettistica (Menandro) e applicati da Giuliano per costruire la galleria dei ritratti imperiali, talora fortemente sarcastici , e finalizzato alia restaurazione dei vecchi ideali di moralita pubblica e pagana. Anche nello studio di L. Miguelez-Cavero, che considera la des­ crizione della collana di Armonia nelle Dionisiache di Nonno di Panopoli (Harmonia s Necklace, Nonn. D. 5, 135-189: a Set of Jewellery, ekphrasis and a Narrative Node, pp. 165-197), l'analisi delle tecniche di visualizzazione si Rheforzczz, Vol. XXXVIII, Issue 4, pp. 432-442. ISSN: 0734-8584, electronic ISSN: 15338541 . © 2020 by The International Society for the History of Rhetoric. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Reprints and Permissions web page, http:/ /www. ucpress.edu/joumals.php?p=reprints. DOI: https://doi.Org/10.1525/rh.2020.38.4.432 Book Reviews 433 allarga a considerare le relazioni con il contesto di circolazione dell'opera e Yekphrasis diviene uno spazio per interrogarsi sull'intersezione tra retorica e societa. Attraverso una serie di puntuali raffronti con la produzione artistica di eta imperiale e con la tradizione della manualistica retorica, l'autrice indica gli elementi che realizzano la scrittura visiva di Nonno di Panopoli individuando modelli iconografici e letterari senza rinunciare a contestualizzare il brano nell'economia narrativa del poema. L'intertestualita e l'elemento su cui vertono gli studi di R. C. Fowler, B. MacDougall e J. Campos Daroca. R. C. Fowler (Ecyppoouvr) and Self-Knowledge in Methodius' Sym­ posium, pp. 26-43) si propone di ricostruire l'ampio spettro di significati che il termine acocppoabv^ assume nel Symposium di Metodio e che non e possibile sintetizzare in traduzione con un singolo vocabolo. L'analisi degli echi platonici presenti nell'opera supporta l'interpretazione di questo ter­ mine che non si identifica semplicemente con la castita, ma interessa anche la conoscenza di se e il rapporto che l'uomo ha con la realta circostante . La soluzione adottata da Metodio smorza l'intransigenza di alcune posizioni cristiane in tema di verginita in contrasto...

The presence of a singular rhetorical figure, the dialogismos, in Charisius' Ars grammatica, in Iulius Ruphinianus' De figuris and in some exegetical notes by Donatus to Terence, yields the opportunity to reflect on the mutual influences between rhetoric and grammar in the textbooks of the Late Empire. A mediating role seems to be played by the Progymnasmata.

The presence of a singular rhetorical figure, the dialogismos, in Charisius’ Ars grammatica, in Iulius Ruphinianus’ De figuris and in some exegetical notes by Donatus to Terence, yields the opportunity to reflect on the mutual influences between rhetoric and grammar in the textbooks of the Late Empire. A mediating role seems to be played by the Progymnasmata.

Employers provide their interpretation of the meaning of communication skills in this qualitative study of 22 managers. Employers understand written communication to be types of documents, a way to write, and a mode of communication. Oral communication skills mean a style of interacting, presenting, and conducting meetings. Visual communication skills were understood to be data visualization or nonverbal communication. Electronic communication was interpreted as email. The findings contribute to closing-the-gap research by highlighting areas where meaning converges for employers and instructors. Faculty members in communication disciplines can incorporate these findings into their course design and learning outcome discussions.

Energy Darwinism is a metaphor used in economic discourse that proposes markets will naturally become greener and cleaner as fossil fuel costs increase. Influenced by Kenneth Burke’s dramatism, I perform a close reading of the metaphor to analyze its presence in two Citigroup reports. Based on this reading, I argue that the Energy Darwinism metaphor anthropomorphizes markets as acting subjects whose economic autonomy should not be violated and supports the cleansing of industry’s environmental sins. These features of Energy Darwinism construct what I call neoliberal piety, which frames environmental restoration not as inherently valuable but as a by-product of economic success and technological progress. The Energy Darwinism metaphor provides an important case study for analyzing contemporary energy discourse, the rhetorical obstacles that prevent imagining sustainable futures, and the ways we might rework neoliberal assumptions in service of those sustainable futures.

Book Review| June 01 2019 Participatory Critical Rhetoric: Theoretical and Methodological Foundations for Studying Rhetoric In Situ Participatory Critical Rhetoric: Theoretical and Methodological Foundations for Studying Rhetoric In Situ. By Michael Middleton, Aaron Hess, Danielle Endres, and Samantha Senda-Cook. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2015; pp. xxix-210. $67.49 cloth; $44.99 paper. Caitlin Frances Bruce Caitlin Frances Bruce University of Pittsburgh Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2019) 22 (2): 332–335. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.22.2.0332 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Caitlin Frances Bruce; Participatory Critical Rhetoric: Theoretical and Methodological Foundations for Studying Rhetoric In Situ. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 June 2019; 22 (2): 332–335. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.22.2.0332 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2019 Michigan State University Board of Trustees2019 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Reviews Menegaldi in Ciceronis Rhetorica Glose, Edizione critica a cura di Filippo Bognini, Firenze, SISMEL-Edizioni del Galluzzo 2015, pp. CLII-286. ISBN: 9788884505910 La prestigiosa collana di testi della Société Internazionale per lo Studio del Medioevo Latino (SISMEL) si arricchisce di un nuovo volume, ossia il commento, finora inedito, al De inventione ciceroniano di Menegaldo, un commentatore attivo fra Luítimo scorcio del sec. XI e la prima metá del XII secolo. L'edizione è curata magistralmente, per rigore e per ampiezza di riferimenti utili anche a ulteriori ricerche e/o edizioni, da Filippo Bognini (d'ora in poi B.), un giovane ricercatore dell'Universitá Ca' Foscari di Vene­ zia, studioso della tradizione grammaticale e retorica medievale e umanistica (sua peraltro la recente edizione critica del Breviarium de dictamine di Alberico di Montecassino). La figura di Menegaldo (dai manoscritti risultano le diciture Menegaldus , Menegaudus, Manegaldus o Mainegaldus, d'ora in poi M.) si colloca a un punto di svolta nella storia della cultura scolastica, e in particolare della tradizione retorica del Basso Medioevo. Fra la seconda metà dell'XI e il XII secolo - quando le nuove esigenze della scena politica, del diritto e delle controversie teologiche fanno si che il dibattito pubblico e dottrinario trovi un più vivace contesto pratico di applicazione - si registra un forte impulso all'istruzione sistemática delle arti della scrittura (artes dictaminis o artes dictandi ) e in generale della retorica, impulso che comporta un rinnovato inter­ esse per il De inventione e la Rhetorica ad Herennium, entrambe ritenute auténticamente ciceroniane e rispettivamente note anche come Rhetorica Vêtus e Rhetorica Nova (sulla ricezione medievale della retorica ciceroniana il rinvio obbligato resta la messa a punto del volume, a cura di V. Cox e J. O. Ward, The Rhetoric of Cicero in its Medieval and Early Renaissance Com­ mentary Tradition, Leiden, Brill, 2006). Tale interesse trova adesso la sua principale espressione testuale nella forma delle glose: un apparato continuo di note a commento del senso e della lettera del testo, pubblicato - ben diversamente dalla mise en page Carolina del commento, caratterizzata da note a margine del testo e/o interlinean - su un supporto autonomo dal testo commentato ma formalmente collegato ad esso proprio dai "lemmi" costituiti dalle prime parole della frase o del parágrafo volta per volta presi in esame. Rhetorica, Vol. XXXVI, Issue 1, pp. 92-102. ISSN: 0734-8584, electronic ISSN: 1533-8541.© 2018 by The International Society for the History of Rhetoric. All rights reserved. Please direct aU requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press s Reprints and Permissions web page, http:/ /www.ucpress. edu/joumals.php?p=reprints. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2018.36.L92. Reviews 93 Al nome di M. sono riconducibili una serie di commenti, alcuni perduti (fra gli altri un commento ai Salmi), altri pervenutici in maniera piú o meno cospicua (fra cui glosse alie Metamorfosi di Ovidio e all'Ars poética di Orazio). Secondo alcuni autorevoli studiosi questo autore potrebbe identificarsi con il polemista Manegoldo di Lautenbach, attivo nellXI secolo in area francotedesca come esponente del movimento noto come "riforma gregoriana". Pur sembrando a B. questa identificazione plausibile, a suo giudizio gli elementi finora raccolti sono insufficient! per esprimersi categóricamente in modo favorevole. Dalle indagini di B. sul milieu di circolazione delle opere di M. e da un accurato esame delle fonti del testo édito, comunque, emerge il profilo intellettuale di un autore di area non italiana, gravitante in area franco-tedesca, buon conoscitore del canone degli autori classici (in particolare Sallustio, Virgilio, Lucano, Terenzio, Orazio e Ovidio), che leggeva Cicerone verosímilmente per un capitolo di canonici, attualizzando il testo con esempi pratici legati alia loro vita quotidiana. Al di la delle questioni biografiche - sulle quali il lavoro di B. fomisce comunque un rilevante contributo - per la ricostruzione della tradizione reto­ rica (e scolastica) medievale conta di piú il fatto che M. rappresenta uno dei piú illustri esponenti di una dotta e impegnata schiera di commentatores, capace di rinnovare la tradizione esegetica dei testi degli auctores classici, awalendosi in particolare della forma-commento, continua e lemmatica, delle glose. Per quanto riguarda...

Book Review| February 01 2018 Review: Menegaldi in Ciceronis Rhetorica Glose, Edizione critica a cura di Filippo Bognini Menegaldi in Ciceronis Rhetorica Glose, Edizione critica a cura di Filippo Bognini, Firenze, SISMEL-Edizioni del Galluzzo 2015, pp. CLII-286. ISBN: 9788884505910 Francesco Caparrotta Francesco Caparrotta Francesco Caparrotta Liceo Classico “F. Scaduto” – Bagheria (Palermo) Via D. D'Amico, 37 - 90011 Bagheria (Palermo) Italy fr.caparrotta@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rhetorica (2018) 36 (1): 92–94. https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2018.36.1.92 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Francesco Caparrotta; Review: Menegaldi in Ciceronis Rhetorica Glose, Edizione critica a cura di Filippo Bognini. Rhetorica 1 February 2018; 36 (1): 92–94. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.2018.36.1.92 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentRhetorica Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2018 by The International Society for the History of Rhetoric. All rights reserved. Please direct all requests for permission to photocopy or reproduce article content through the University of California Press's Reprints and Permissions web page, http://www.ucpress.edu/journals.php?p=reprints.2018 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Under the rapid advances of digital technology, traditional paper-based forms of reading and writing are steadily giving way to digital-based literacies, in theory as well as in application. Drawing on a study of literacy in a medical workplace context, this article examines critically the shift toward computer-mediated textual practices. While a considerable body of research has investigated benefits and issues associated with digital literacy tools in medicine, we consider the affordances of paper-based practices. Our analysis of verbal interaction and textual artifacts drawn from a qualitative study of oncology visits indicates that the uses of pen and paper are advantageous for both doctor and patient. Specifically, they allow doctors to process and package information in ways that are favorable to their personal modus operandi, and they enable patients to participate in the medical visit and take an active role in managing their medical treatment. Understanding the affordances of paper-based literacy provides insights for refining digital tools as well as for motivating the design of possible hybrid forms and digital-analog intersections that can best support medical practices.

This essay assesses W.E.B. Du Bois’s response to Booker T. Washington based on the economic principles structuring public-intellectual intervention in social crisis. Arguing that public-intellectual work relies on ethos-driven rhetorical engagement that conflates the public intellectual and his conceptual intervention as a single product to be marketed, I recontextualize the debate between the two thinkers in order to account for the intersection of their discursive activities in terms of competing public-intellectual models. While Washington relied on a closed-market model that situated him as the spokesperson for an otherwise silent black community, Du Bois worked to create opportunity for deliberation among a number of black publics, and Du Bois’s more democratically minded rhetorical modeling offers a version of public-intellectual work that resonates with the needs of the current moment.

Since the adoption and subsequent fade of the Wyoming Resolution, we have seen the political economy of writing instruction change remarkably. Certainly, composition studies’ disciplinary viability seems more solid, but the proportion of contingent writing teachers has increased to almost 70 percent. The authors of this article attribute these trends to “neoliberal creep” and attempt to think through their effects on our work and our students.

This article considers the epistemology of Classical rhetoric and Hippocratic medicine, focusing on two key terms: semeion and tekmerion. Through an analysis of the specific case of ancient Greek medicine and rhetoric, we hope to bring out the conjectural and fallible nature of human knowledge. The paper focuses on the epistemological and methodological affinity between these two ancient technai, and considers the medical uses of semeion and tekmerion in the light of their meaning in the rhetorical sphere. Chronologically, the analysis follows an inverse pathway: it starts from Aristotle and from Rhetorica ad Alexandrum, and then moves on to Antiphon’s texts (chosen as an exemplary case) and ends with the Corpus Hippocraticum.

K6015, a South Korean firm seeking to commercialize its magnet technology in the US market, entered a technology commercialization training program structured as a competition. Through this program, K6015 (and others in the program) used several genres to progressively interest different sets of stakeholders. To understand how K6015 applied these genres, we analyze this case study in terms of interessement, a concept from actor-network theory, and standing sets of transformations, a related concept from workplace writing studies in which enacting a set of genres entails a controlled, progressive transformation of arguments. We examine the entire competition process, using K6015 and three other competitors to illustrate this process and to examine rhetorical transformations responding to different criteria. In enacting these standing sets of transformations, K6015 and other competitors transformed their innovations into commercialized technologies–and transformed themselves from innovators into entrepreneurs. Finally, we discuss implications for understanding entrepreneurship rhetorically.

Research problem: Examines how Korean entrepreneurs in an entrepreneurship program revised their English-language slide decks for their competitive presentations (“pitches”) by reusing content from professional communication genres, including their own documents and feedback from potential stakeholders in their target markets. Research question: As entrepreneurs learn to pitch ideas to unfamiliar markets, how do they revise their slide decks by reusing content from other professional communication genres? Specifically, what strategies do they follow when reusing content? Literature review: The professional communication literature demonstrates that reuse tends to take place in documentation cycles where documents are set in interaction with each other and that reuse itself involves rhetorical choices. Yet such reuse strategies have not been examined in existing studies of entrepreneurial pitches in marketing and technology commercialization. Methodology: In an exploratory qualitative study, researchers textually analyzed 14 sets of five related document genres in the archives of an entrepreneurship program. These genres represented a full cycle of activity: application to the program, initial pitches, initial feedback from program personnel, detailed feedback from representative stakeholders in the target market, and revised pitches. Interviews and surveys of program personnel further contextualize the data. Results and conclusions: Entrepreneurs reused content from professional communication genres, including those that they had generated as well as those generated by market stakeholders. However, reuse went simply beyond accepting and copying feedback; as they learned to make their pitch arguments, these entrepreneurs had to weigh this feedback and engage with it critically. This reuse can be characterized as Accepting (repeating verbatim or in close paraphrase); Continuing (extending lines of argument); and Resisting (rebutting lines of argument). These findings suggest that entrepreneurs need all three strategies as they refine their pitches for their target markets.

Research Article| December 01 2014 Weapons and Words: Rhetorical Studies of the Gabrielle Giffords Shootings Thomas A. Hollihan; Thomas A. Hollihan Thomas A. Hollihan is Professor of Communication in the Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Francesca Marie Smith Francesca Marie Smith Francesca Marie Smith is a doctoral candidate and Provost's Fellow at the USC Annenberg School. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Rhetoric and Public Affairs (2014) 17 (4): 577–584. https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.17.4.0577 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Thomas A. Hollihan, Francesca Marie Smith; Weapons and Words: Rhetorical Studies of the Gabrielle Giffords Shootings. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 1 December 2014; 17 (4): 577–584. doi: https://doi.org/10.14321/rhetpublaffa.17.4.0577 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressRhetoric and Public Affairs Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2014 Michigan State University Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.2014 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Abstract In this essay, we examine public responses to Jared Lee Loughner’s attempted assassination of U.S. Representative Gabrielle Giffords, focusing in particular on the rhetorical strategies employed by political conservatives. We argue that the most prominent conservative reactions either undermined the potential for reasoned debate and a cohesive narrative regarding the causes of the attack or, by emphasizing Loughner’s agency as an individual, deranged actor, painted the event in a way that failed to provide transformative redemption, foreclosed even the possibility of a rhetorically satisfying sense of justice, and preempted what could otherwise have been a rich, deliberative deployment of civility. We utilize Kenneth Burke’s dramatism in speculating about possible alternative interpretations of the situation, hopeful that such an analysis might offer both the public and the government more effective rhetorical resources for dealing with and even preventing such increasingly common tragedies. In particular, we advocate the use of a hybrid, tragicomic frame—a sort of Burkean Serenity Prayer in which we accept the things we cannot change while still finding the inspiration, strength, and wisdom to respond productively—alongside a multifaceted set of pentadic ratios to address the complex demands created by mental illness.

Research problem: The question: How Korean entrepreneurs in an entrepreneurship program revised their slide decks for their presentations (“pitches”) in response to professional communication genres representing feedback from potential stakeholders in their target markets is examined. Research questions: As entrepreneurs learn to pitch ideas to unfamiliar markets, how do they revise their slide decks for their pitches when interacting with other professional communication genres that represent the concerns of market stakeholders? Specifically, what changes do entrepreneurs make to the claims, evidence, and complexity of arguments in their pitches? Literature review: The professional communication literature demonstrates that the revision process tends to take place in documentation cycles where documents are set in interaction with each other. Yet such revision processes are not studied in detail in existing studies of entrepreneurial pitches in marketing and technology commercialization. Methodology: In this exploratory qualitative study, researchers textually analyzed 14 sets of five related document genres in the archives of an entrepreneurship program. These genres represented a full cycle of activity: application to the program, initial pitches, initial feedback from program personnel, detailed feedback from representative stakeholders in the target market, and revised pitches. Interviews and surveys of program personnel further contextualize the data. Results and conclusions: Entrepreneurs revised their claims and evidence based on their dialogue with their target market. Some of the entrepreneurs altered their slides to make more complex arguments rebutting stakeholders' concerns. These findings suggest that entrepreneurs engage in dialogue with their target markets, but their engagement tends to be guided by tacit, situated experience rather than through an explicit, systematized approach.

Research problem: This study explores the use of bibliometric indicators to objectively evaluate IEEE scientific journals from two different perspectives: (1) journal impact and diffusion and (2) the academic reputation of journal authors. Research questions: (1) Which journals are better at selecting articles with high scientific impact (measured by average citations per article), and publishing authors with strong reputations (measured by h-indices)? (2) Does the impact of journal articles correlate positively with the reputations of their authors? and (3) Can bibliometric indicators provide a simple way for journal editors to monitor journal performance in a manner complementary to traditional ISI impact factor (IF)? Literature review: This paper reviews literature on citation analysis, a bibliometric method of measuring impact based on the number of times a work is cited, and explains such bibliometric indicators as CPP, Hirsch index, and IF which measure the impact of a journal, and introduces a new indicator called h-spectrum to objectively measure the reputation of a journal's author group. Methodology: This quantitative study performed citation analysis on 250,000 authors in 110 IEEE journals using citation statistics from the Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus databases to construct the h-spectrum indicator. The authors used automated filtering techniques to exclude questionable author data. Results and conclusions: The first phase of analysis indicated significant differences among IEEE publications in journal impact, and found that the h-index and CPP were suitable for evaluating journals except in their most recent five years where annual rankings are proposed instead. The second phase of analysis found that h-spectra distributions of author reputation differ among journals in a single year, and are generally stable for a single journal over five years. Maps were constructed to locate journals graphically based on the complementary indicators of impact and reputation, and to show changes in impact and reputation over time. The maps indicated that journals with high impact tend to have authors with high reputations but the opposite is not necessarily true. Suggestions were made to explain different combinations of high and low impact and reputation for journals. The use of maps complements IF and provides a simple tool to monitor journal reputation at the time of most recent publication. The study is limited by assumptions about the value of citations, the reliability of search engine statistics, and the homogeneity of IEEE journal citation practices, as well as the failure to account for coauthors, article age, and authors who publish multiple times per year in the same journal. Future research could examine non-IEEE journals and normalize subfields within IEEE journals to avoid favoring fields that use more citations.

The Hub represents a departure from the way writing is usually conceived of and taught in Australia, in that it emphasizes writing as a discipline with a classical rhetorical framework. … Through preliminary longitudinal data from our Sydney Study of Writing as well as student interviews and program feedback, we demonstrate how and why a rhetorical approach best supports the development of student writing in multimodal contexts.

Many modern scholars have studied in detail the phenomenon of vividness (gr. ἐνάργεıα; lat. evidentia) in ancient rhetorical texts; however, they have neglected to examine two important testimonies included in an Ars rhetorica ascribed to Dionysius of Halicarnassus, but in fact to be ascribed to an anonymous rhetorician who probably lived in the third century AD. In these two passages the anonymous rhetorician faces some issues concerning the stylistic evidence that have not been previously studied. He analyzes the relationship between the vividness of the text and the use of everyday language, aimed to enhance realistic effects of discourse. This paper aims to present a detailed analysis of the comments offered by the anonymous rhetorician, that will help to define some peculiar aspects of stylistic vividness of the language in discourse.

Many modern scholars have studied in detail the phenomenon of vividness (gr. ἐνάργεια; lat. evidentia) in ancient rhetorical texts; however, they have neglected to examine two important testimonies included in an Ars rhetorica ascribed to Dionysius of Halicarnassus, but in fact to be ascribed to an anonymous rhetorician who probably lived in the third century AD.

Institutional ethnography seeks to uncover how things happen—how institutional discourse compels and shapes practice(s) and how norms of practice speak to, for, and overindividuals. The Faculty and Staff Standpoints project is shaped by this methodology, as it explores writing center staff and faculty relationships to their work.

202 RHETORICA ilated the texts of the Aristotelian Organon to its own metaphysical purposes, practicing what amounts to an analytic logic long before Frege and Russell. It is this method to which Bacon refers by The Advancement's memorable image of the spider's silk, and by his own polemical emphasis on the observation of things over the manipulation of "mere" words, which is how he regarded the scientific role assigned syllogistic by Aristotle and his followers. As the incumbent authority in early modern England, the neo-aristotelian philoso­ phy of the schools was experimentalism's true competitor. In the meantime, the story of the stylistic controversy, both ancient and modern, still waits to be told. Victoria Silver University of California, Irvine R. Meynet, Appelés à la liberté (Rhétorique sémitique), Paris : Lethielleux 2008, pp. 236. ISBN 978-2-283-61255-2 Si tratta deU'ultima opera del gesuita Roland Meynet, già allievo di Paul Beauchamp, già docente di teología ed esegesi bíblica all'Università Gregoriana di Roma. In precedenza egli ha svolto la propria attività an­ che presso l'Università San Giuseppe (Beirut) ed è stato professore invitato all'Università di Torino e al Centre Sèvres di Parigi. Una traduzione italiana dell'opera qui recensita è apparsa nel maggio 2010 per le Edizioni Dehoniane di Bologna, nella collana "Retorica bíblica" in cui già figurano le principali opere del medesimo autore: La Pasqua del Signore (2002), Morto e risorto secondo le Scritture (2003), II Vangelo secondo Lúea. Analisi retorica (2003), Leggere la Bibbia. Un'introduzione all'esegesi (2004), Una nuova introduzione ai Vangeli sinottici (20062), Trattato di retorica bíblica (2008); Retorica bíblica e semítica 1 (2009), curato insieme a J. Oniszczuk. Tale collana corrisponde sostanzialmente - ma non per il presente volume - ad altra dallo stesso nome edita dalle parigine Editions du Cerf. La produzione di Mey­ net, ben nota dunque anche al pubblico italiano, si colloca all'incrocio tra teología bíblica e scienze del linguaggio, che l'Autore fréquenta non solo in riferimento al corpus degli scritti vetero- e neotestamentari, ma anche alia lingua e alia letteratura araba di cui è egualmente profondo conoscitore. I contributi raccolti nel presente volume sono collegati tra loro da un filo conduttore temático - quello délia liberté - assolutamente centrale nella letteratura bíblica. L'argomento viene sviluppato in tre sezioni: "II dono délia liberté" (su Esodo 14-15), "La legge délia liberté" (su Esodo 20, 2-17 e Deuteronomio 5, 6-21), "Gli inni alla liberté" (sui Salmi 113-118 e 136). Non sfugge a chi abbia una pur mínima consuetudine con l'esegesi e hermenéutica bíblica il fatto che tale modo di affrontare la vasta materia - avvicinando tra loro generi letterari differenti quali la narrazione storiografica, la legislazione e la preghiera innica - va intenzionalmente oltre l'approccio "storico-critico" Reviews 203 oggi prevalente. Si intende con tale formula quell'insieme di metodologie aventi come oggetto le coordínate testuali e fattuali di uno scritto e, nella fattispecie, di un libro bíblico: la costituzione critica del testo; la datazione dell'opera o di una sua sezione letterariamente omogenea; la personalità dell'autore; il genere letterario in cui l'opéra si iscrive; il carattere -unitario o risultante dalla rielaborazione di fonti preesistenti - délia sua redazione; la storicità del contenuto. La "retorica bíblica", alla cui elaborazione teórica e applicazione Meynet ha consacrato la sua lunga attività di studioso, appartiene per contro a quelle metodologie a carattere "sincrónico" che intendono costituire un contrappeso alla prevalenza quasi esclusiva di cui l'indagine a carattere storicocritico ha a lungo goduto in ámbito scientifico. Senza ignorare le conclusioni meglio assodate délia critica storico-letteraria, si punta allora piuttosto alla comprensione di unité letterarie significative - cruciali - del testo bíblico, esaminandole in base alla loro lógica interna e ai significati dischiusi dalle peculiarità délia loro struttura. Il punto di partenza di taie procedimento è quindi non tanto la storia, ricostruita criticamente - e in qualche misura pur sempre ipoteticamente - del singólo libro, quanto l'intero corpus canó­ nico délia Bibbia ebraica e cristiana. Due entità che, com...

Reviews 105 Alberto Cavarzere, Gh arcani delioratore: alcuni appunti sull'actio dei Romani. Agones Studi, 2. Roma-Padova: Antenore, 2011,241 pp ISBN 9788884556554. Dopo il foitunato manuale Oratoria a Roma. Storia di mi genero pragmático (Rema: Carecci, 2000), Cavarzere completa il personale excursus sulla retorica latina con un saggie sull'actio, in cui raccoglie e rielabora recenti contributi. II riferimente, nel presenta bene contenuti e finalité di ^ un libre che non vuele essere un'indagine sistemática di tutta la precettistica latina elaborata in materia di actio, ma intende offrire riflessioni, benché waste e approfondite, suggerite dalla lettura di Cicerone (de orat. 3, 213 ss.) e Quintiliano (inst. 11, 3).11 volume è articelato in tre sezioni ('parti') cerrispendenti ad altrettanti nuclei tematici ben definiti: la prima funge da intreduziene all'argemente, fernende al lettore tutte le coordinate necessarie per muoversi con sicurezza nella dettrina sulla 'recitazione'; la seconda e la terza parte vertono, invece, rispettivamente sull'analisi del discorso di Crasse nel terzo libro del De oratore, in cui l'oratore latino è portavoce delle riflessioni di Cicerone, e sullo studio del terzo capitolo dell'undicesimo libro deWlnstitutio oratoria di Quintiliano, in cui il retore da precetti puntuali per una corretta performance oratoria.il capitolo introduttivo (pp. 13-53) enuclea quelli che seno i principi fondamentali su cui poggia la dottrina antica relativa aWactio. Partendo dalla definizione di Cicerone, per cui est enim actio quasi corporis quaedam eioqnentia (orat. 55), l'autore ha modo di precisare: a) l'idea di actio (che comprende "tutti i comportamenti atti a permettere l'esternamento corporeo del discorso", quindi "le posizioni del corpo, i gesti, le espressioni del viso, le inflessioni della voce, la sequenza, il ritmo e la cadenza delle stesse parole"); b) la sua finalità patética (Vactio è animipermotio, arma capace di persuadere l'uditorio suscitando in esso vibranti emozioni); c) la dottrina dei segni: elaborata già da Aristotele, associa affezioni dell'anima da una parte, comportamenti e tratti della voce e/o del volto dall'altra, in un rapporto di corrispondenza causa-effetto; d) la distinzione dell'actio in due o tre elementi costitutivi: modulazione della voce e gestualità e, secondo alcuni retori, espressione del volto. Cavarzere sottolinea anche la natura problemática della dottrma sull' actio, percorsa da molti contrasti interni: il conflitto tra l'idea di oratoria intesa essenzialmente come persuasione logico-razionale, e la pratica di un discorso emozionale, corredato di recitazione e tróvate eclatanti, che domina sul pubblico conducendolo all'assenso; o il contrasto tra natura e ars, con la conseguente difficoltà di disciplinare mediante una rígida precettistica un fenómeno che sembra poggiare molto sul talento naturale dell'oratore; o ancora lopposizione, nota ad Aristotele (rhet. 3,12), tra il discorso scritto, ri­ goroso e preciso, perciô adatto alia lettura, e il discorso orale, ricco di elementi patetici e 'teatrali', perciô adatto alia recitazione. Inoltre, l'autore fornisce le informazioni piú importanti per capire la nascita e lo sviluppo della dottrina retorica deli'actio da Aristotele a Cicerone, passando per la necessaria intermediazione di Teofrasto. A tal proposito, Cavarzere ridimensiona l'influsso 106 RHETORICA che Topera di Teofrasto ha avuto sulTelaborazione della teoría dell actio in Cicerone, mettendo in discussione la presunta adesione dell oratore latino al sistema bipartito (vox e gestus) del peripatético. Con il secondo capitolo (pp. 57-81) si entra in medias res con la descrizione delle varie modalità di voce da assumere in funzione delle emozioni che si intendono esprimere, come illustrato da Cicerone in de orat. 3, 213-227. Alia dettagliata esposizione delle tipologie di voce, fa da premessa la discus­ sione di alcuni principi che interessano in generale Tanalisi di Cicerone: il riconosciuto potere performativo della parola; la condivisione delTimpianto aristotélico, almeno per quanto riguarda la finalité patética deïï'actio e la teoría dei segni che ne è premessa; Tesemplificazione, che avviene costantemente attraverso i riferimenti alia drammaturgia, dietro cui Cavarzere individua lucidamente Tesigenza di far appello alia memoria uditiva del lettore, perché possa meglio individuare le caratteristiche vocaliche richieste daïï'actio (memoria uditiva che matura non solo attraverso la frequentazione del teatro, ma soprattutto mediante la pratica scolastica della lettura ad alta...

446 RHETORICA Francesca Piazza, Linguaggio, persuasione e verità. La retorica nel Novecento , Roma: Carocci, 2004. 193 pp. ISBN 8843032089; La Retorica di Aristotele. Introduzione alia lettura, Roma: Carocci 2008. 184 pp. ISBN 8843046861 Frutto di un lungo percorso di studi, questi due libri costituiscono una coppia perfettamente complementare, particolarmente utile per chi voglia approfondire il rapporto fra le teorie retoriche contemporanee e il modello della retorica antica. L'autrice (d'ora in poi P), docente di Filosofía del linguaggio presso rUniversità di Palermo, si è dedicata ad una duplice impresa. Nel primo libro traccia una rassegna ragionata delle teorie retoriche novecentesche, con l'intento di mettere in discussione la tradizione plurisecolare che, vedendo ben distinte (al limite, opposte) la funzione informativa e quella persuasiva del linguaggio, oppone la persuasione alla verità. Per P. il superamento di questa opposizione puô venire dalla retorica classica, e in particolare da quella aristotélica, a patto che di essa si colga appieno la portata teórica. Ed è proprio a questa ultima finalità che intende assolvere il secondo volume. P. è convinta che la vitalità teórica della Retorica aristotélica scaturisca proprio da un'interpretazione storicamente (filológicamente, diremmo) rigorosa e "orgánica." P. esordisce in Linguaggio, persuasione e verità affermando che la retorica è un "luogo di riflessione filosófica" proprio in virtù del rapporto che si stabilisce fra l'agire lingüístico umano, la verità, e la persuasione (essendo peraltro quest'ultimo un tratto pervasivo dell'agire lingüístico). II primo capitolo del libro (Morte e resurrezione della retorica) da un lato è dedicato al plurisecolare processo di messa in crisi della legittimità della retorica ad avere seriamente a che fare con la razionalità umana, e in primo luogo con il suo valore-guida: la verità; dall'altro, tratta della svolta che, alla fine del XIX secolo, ha portato alla rivalutazione della retorica. P. decide di muoversi—cosí come farà nei tre capitoli seguenti—selettivamente, per "tappe significative." Sintéticamente, ma con efficacia illustrativa, P. rileva come la retorica abbia subito un du­ plice processo di messa in crisi: uno interno, consistente nel suo ridursi a mera dottrina del discorso ornato, al limite estremo delle sole figure retoriche (Genette , con fortunata formula, chiamo questo fenómeno "letteraturizzazione della retorica"); l'altro, esterno, di matrice filosófica, consistente in un at­ teggiamento critico e/o riduttivo verso la retorica: su questo processo P. si concentra. Per 1'epoca classica viene presa in considerazione la polémica an­ tiretorica di Platone, mentre per l'età moderna oggetto della rassegna critica sono Lorenzo Valla, Pietro Ramo, Cartesio, Hobbes, e Locke. Alla fíne di que­ sto percorso P. pone Kant, con la sua perentoria distinzione fra convinzione (oggettiva e universale) e persuasione (soggettiva e individúale), i cui effetti perdurano ancora oggi. Questo atteggiamento critico, pur nella estrema varietá delle prospettive, delle soluzioni e delle strategie (anch'esse retori­ che! Molto interessanti le pagine sulla "retorica dell'antiretorica") messe in atto dai singoli pensatori, appare sostanziato da due presupposti comuni. Reviews 447 Il primo è una concezione autarchica della verità", per cui—al suo massimo grado essa è evidente e captabile solo attraverso buso di una razionalità lucida e priva di interferenze emotive/passionali. Il secondo è la convinzione dell'esistenza, della possibilité o della auspicabilité di un linguaggio neutro, oggettivo, insomma di un grado zero della comunicazione che possa farsi veicolo immediato e diretto della vérité. In queste condizioni la retorica si trova a esser negata o, al limite, ammessa soltanto come strategia comuni­ cativa atta a prestare i mezzi per rendere più allettante una vérité trovata altrove e per altre vie (retorica come ornamento o come psicagogia). La ra­ zionalità moderna, sull'abbrivio di un versante autorevoie della riflessione antica, si pone dunque, in linea generale, come una razionalità antireto­ rica. A questo fuoco di fila seguono la critica, prima romántica ("guerra alia retorica!") e poi positivistica, che nel loro estremo esito lasceranno spazio soltanto alia precettistica delle figure. Soltanto nella seconda meté del XIX secolo, con battenzione idealistica alla créativité lingüistica e la riflessione di Nietzsche, sembra che si possa recuperare la retorica al dominio della più ampia riflessione sui rapporti fra linguaggio...

Nell'articolo vengono messe a confronto le nozioni di esempio ed entimema nella Retorica di Aristotele e nella Rhetorica ad Alexandrum. Il confronto mira a mostrare come, al di là delle analogie, le due prospettive presentino differenze anche sostanziali. L'ipotesi è che tali differenze dipendano essenzialmente dall'utilizzo, da parte di Aristotele, dell'apparato concettuale logico-dalettico in ambito retorico. Più esattamente, l'inserimento della nozione di sullogismos modifica radicalmente l'intero sistema delle pisteis, conferendo all'entimema un ruolo chiave del tutto assente nella Rhetorica ad Alexandrum. Tale posizione centrale dello entimema ha ricadute anche sul modo di intendere le altre pisteis.

‘Here’s a Chance to Dance our Way Out of our Constrictions’: P-Funk’s Black Masculinity and the Performance of Imaginative Freedom” considers the ways that George Clinton’s two funk projects, Parliament and Funkadelic, create new spaces for nonnormative heterosexuality and creative production. I explore issues of embodiment , sexual fluidity, and community in P-Funk’s iconography, lyrics and sound and then consider ways that black male fans have gained a sense of imaginative freedom from their music. P-Funk’s solidly funking music, hallucinatory and often politicized music, experimental cover art and wildly threatrical stage shows create a new a queer space for black heterosexual men. Most significantly, P-Funk’s music explores black experience, particularly bodily, sexual and sensual experience at points of ambiguity, vulnerability, pain, desire, and laughter, using tools of music that speak to their listeners individually and internally, as well as collectively. This power to harness emotionally strong and sometimes inchoate feeling had a powerful effect on its audience—prompting some to find unity and empathy with other black men.

Nell’articolo vengono messe a confronto le nozioni di esempio ed entimema nella Retorica di Aristotele e nella Rhetorica ad Alexandrum. Il confronto mira a mostrare come, al di là delle analogic, le due prospettive presentino differenze anche sostanziali. L’ipotesi è che tali differenze dipendano essenzial-mente dall’utilizzo, da parte di Aristotele, dell’apparato concettuale logico-dalettico in ambito retorico. Più esattamente, l’inserimento della nozione di sullogismos modifica radicalmente l’intero sistema delle pisteis, conferendo all’entimema un ruolo chiave del tutto as-sente nella Rhetorica ad Alexandrum. Tale posizione centrale dello entimema ha ricadute anche sul modo di intendere le altre pisteis.

Tertiary institutions offer a variety of provision for postgraduate students aimed at the development of academic writing skills. This article using a series of workshops and individual tutorials designed specifically for students engaged in writing theses and exegeses in certain discipline areas in a large New Zealand university. It outlines and reflects on the process of identifying and analysing relevant information for the design, content and on-going development of the workshops. This includes supervisors’ expectations, students’ needs and feedback, as well as the features of published texts and unpublished theses and exegeses. The post-workshop tutorial provision is underpinned by the two key principles of dialogue to assist clarity of expression, and encouragement for students to express their own voice. The experience gained from this work has led to the development of a discipline specific online paper for students in their first year of postgraduate study.

226 RHETORICA«non é forse in grado di riproporre ... ¡'atmosfera di amichevole e proficua discussione dell'incontro di Pavía» ma certo ne richiama efficacemente la memoria a chi fu presente e offre agli altri un valido strumento scientifico. Carla Castelli Universitá degli Studi di Milano Anónimo Segueriano, Arte del discorso político, edizione cri­ tica, traduzione e commento a cura di Dionigi Vottero, Alessandria: delPOrso editore 2004, vi + 572pp. ISBN 8876947507 Questa edizione dell'tfrs rhetorica dell'Anonimo Segueriano segue a breve distanza di tempo quella di Dilts-Kennedy (cfr. M. R. Dilts-G. A. Kennedy, Two Rhetorical Treatises from the Roman Empire: Introduction, text and translation of the Arts of Rhetoric attributed to Anoni/mus Seguerianus and to Apsines ofGadara, Leiden-New York-Kôln 1998). Dionigi V., ricercatore di filología classica presso l'Université di Torino, ha dedicato lunghi anni alio studio di questo trattato e del suo anonimo autore, ma non ha potuto dare le ultime cure al volume perché è scomparso prematuramente. Della revisione finale dell'opera si sono occupati Lucio Bertelli e Gian Franco Gianotti (pp. V-VI). Non deve sorprenderé che nel breve volgere di pochi anni siano apparse due nuove edizioni dell'ars rhetorica dell'AS soprattutto perché nello stesso periodo si è ridestato un notevole e crescente interesse per la manualistica retorica tardo-imperiale, non piú considerata come una sterile stilistica destínala a ripetere gli schemi e le dottrine di été classica. Per giunta, il trat­ tato dell'AS si segnala per l'ampiezza dei suoi contenuti: presenta, infatti, un corso di retorica completo, organizzato secondo le parti del discorso, ed inoltre costituisce fonte indiretta utile a ricostruire il testo di alcuni manuali di grande rilievo nella tradizione retorica, purtroppo andati perduti. II manuale dell'AS si presenta, infatti, come un'esposizione della precettistica relativa alie parti del discorso, realizzata in base alia tradizione tecnografica prece­ dente; si fonda in particolare sui testi di Alessandro di Numenio, Neocle ed Arpocrazione, dei quali vengono riportate definizioni e dottrine. Rispetto alia scarna edizione di Dilts-Kennedy, quella di V. è senza dubbio piú completa e innovativa in termini di cura filológica e commento del testo. Davvero ponderosa è l'introduzione nella quale V. affronta i problemi piú spinosi relativi al testo: identité dell'autore, data di pubblicazione del trattato, struttura e finalité del medesimo. V. prende posizione in mérito a tutte le tematiche discusse, conducendo un'indagine molto rigorosa, suffragata da un notevole apparato di fonti che talora risultano essere troppo estese, appesantendo piuttosto che facilitando il loro utilizzo. Cosí Patillon, Anonyme de Séguier, Art rhétorique, texte établi et traduit par AL Patillon Reviews 227 (Paris. Les Belles Lettres, 2005), XCIX: «c est un travail solide et très (trop?) documenté au quel on se reportera utilement» . Si puô trovare un sunto delle principali argomentazioni proposte dallo studioso nella lecensione all edizione di V. a cura di R. Romano («Una nuova edizione critica dell'Anonimo Segueriano» , Vichiana 8 (2006): 144-50). Si rimanda ad essa per avéré un'utile scheda di lettura del volume. In questa sede, invece, si intende affrontare alcuni problemi fondamentali concernenti il testo dell'AS che meritano un ulteriore approfondimento in seguito alla pubblicazione da parte di Patillon di una nuovissima edizione critica del trattato, i cui risultati contrastano moite volte con gli esiti delLindagine di V. Appare dunque opportuno riesaminare alcuni punti dell'argomentazione di V. alla luce delle analoghe considerazioni proposte da Patillon. Titolo. La prima questione ad essere oggetto di controversia è il titolo del trattato dell'AS. La tradizione manoscritta reca il titolo τέχνη τού πολι­ τικού /.όγου ήτοι 0ικ7.νικού. V. ritiene doveroso espungere il riferimento al discorso giudiziario perché costituisce verosímilmente una glossa aggiunta al testo dal copista per specificare che i precetti del manuale non si limitano al solo discorso politico, ma interessano anche il genere giudiziario. Attraverso un'analisi rigorosa della tradizione retorica coeva all'AS, lo studioso con­ clude a ragione che l'espressione πολιτικός λόγος era di per sé sufficiente ad indicare il discorso oratorio in generale, ben al di là del semplice riferimento al genere deliberativo. Del resto, i manuali di Apsine, Ps. Aristide e una sezione del de ideis di Ermogene recano...

104 RHETORICA gruppen, wodurch just das hochgelobte Z/Groteske,/ und Launige in Haydns Werken zur Beliebigkeit verkommt. Hartmut Krones Instituífür musikalische Stilforschung, Wien Ruggero Morresi (ed.), Altre Retoriche. Da Baltasar Gradan a Quentin Tarantino, Roma: Il Calamo, 2005. 285 pp. ISBN 88-89837-01-2. II volume raccoglie sei saggi dedicad a retoriche altre. Altre, come chiarisce lo stesso Morresi nella Presentazione, non solo perché si riferiscono ad autori (Gracián, Smith, Saussure, Hjelmslev, Pasolini e Tarantino) tra i quali non si trovano «rapporti significativi di continuitá sul piano storico e teórico» (p. 5), ma anche, e aggiungerei soprattutto, perché tali autori non compaiono nelle storie della retorica di stampo tradizionale: a rigore, per molti di loro non si puó nemmeno dire che abbiano elaborato una riflessione sistemática e origínale sulla retorica. II filo conduttore dell'intero libro consiste nel tenta­ tivo di far emergere quelle che potremmo chiamare le retoriche implicite (ma non per questo meno interessanti e feconde) nel pensiero e nella produzione di autori cosí differenti tra loro. Nel primo di questi saggi (Baltasar Gracián o ác//'Agudeza), Federica Mosca conduce un'analisi della produzione di Gracián, inserita nel contesto della cultura gesuitica dell'epoca Obiettivo dell'autrice é mostrare l'attualitá e Pinteresse del pensiero di Gracián, contro il pregiudizio che considera la sua opera únicamente come una preziosa e ingegnosa antología, priva pero di spessore e acume teórico. Fondamentale é la nozione di agudeza o ingegno, cui Gracián dedicó una delle sue opere (SulPAcutezza e PArte dell'lngegno). Fa nozione é cruciale, non solo nel pensiero di Gracián, ma in tutta la retorica del tempo: consiste nell'abilitá nel trovare concetti e saperli esprimere in modo acuto e brillante. Federica Mosca evidenzia uno degli aspetti piu interessanti dell'intera produzione di Gracián, l'impossibilitá di distinguere tra aspetti stilistici e contenutistici: «stile e lógica sono infatti una sola cosa nel nostro autore» (p. 60). Questa compenetrazione tra stile e contenuto é conseguenza di una convinzione ribadita piu volte ribadita da Gracián: é impossibile trasmettere la veritá in maniera immediata e senza filtri; perianto «una stessa veritá puó vestirsi in mille modi» (L'acutezza e Parte delPingegno p. 360, cit. a p. 42). Uno degli scopi dell'acutezza é presentare la veritá in modo accettabile e accattivante, per evitare che venga respinta: non puó esistere, dunque, acutezza senza retorica. L'autrice dimostra persuasivamente come la retorica gesuitica fosse tutt'altro che "ristreíta" únicamente aY'elocutio. Al contrario, nell'insegnamento dei Gesuiti trovano di nuovo un posto di primo piano sia Yinventio, seppure orientata non verso tematiche civili, come nella retorica classica, ma guidata da obiettivi pedagogici e religiosi, sia—e proprio grazie a questi obiettivi—la memoria e Yactio. Reviews 105«Mostrare 1 originalité dell approccio di A. Smith alla trattazione del problema della comunicazione lingüistica» (p. 65) è l'obiettivo dichiarato di Emanuela Tarascio, Linyuayyio economía e società: la retorica di Adam Smith. Si tratta di un saggio sul pensiero di Smith che intende mostrare il ruolo in esso svolto dalla retorica (implícita ed esplicita) e, in generale, dal linpersuasivo . Dalla ricostruzione emergono diversi aspetti interessanti che evidenziano ad un tempo sia l'originalità del pensiero di Smith sia la sua continuité con la cultura del tempo, e in particolare con la tradizione dell empirismo inglese. Sono tratti di continuità, per fare alcuni esempi, l'insistenza sulla chiarezza come primaria virtù della comunicazione unita ad un certa diffidenza nei confronti dell'uso di figure retoriche e dello stile prolisso, cosí come il richiamo alla nécessita di una "nuova retorica" capace di realizzare la piena «corrispondenza» tra parole e pensieri (p. 99). Tale ambizione si basa a sua volta sull'accettazione della distinzione—destinata ad avere molta fortuna nel pensiero moderno—tra "convincere" e "persuadere," il primo basato sulla "lorza intrínseca" degli argomenti, più "fazioso" e "soggettivo ," invece, il seconde. Originale è invece la particolare sensibilité per il linguaggio, soprattutto nella sua concreta realizzazione storico-sociale, una sensibilité che porta Smith a riconoscere, in misura decisamente maggiore rispetto ai suoi contemporanei, l'importanza della comunicazione, e quindi della retorica, nella v ita timana...

This paper draws on two sources to theorize gender literacy. First, it examines several influential theories of social change embedded in community literacy scholarship. Next, it uses two of these theories to analyze qualitative data from an after-school program. In this program, university students mentored Latina middle-school students to promote both gender literacy and academic literacy. Based on this analysis, it argues that (1) only a collaborative, negotiated approach can promote effective social change, (2) that such efforts must include reflexive work by researchers to produce viable negotiations, and (3) that this approach highlights the intersection between pragmatic and ethical concerns that underlies effective social change.

This essay offers a chronology of over sixty works that have directly innovated, solidified, or critiqued feminist research methodologies in the study of historic rhetoric and composition over the past four decades. The ongoing conversation about feminist research in rhetoric and composition continues to raise questions about method, methodology, and canonicity just as the research itself continues to recover and re-vision a wealth of historic work. This essay, in its broad review, presents readers a panoramic snapshot of the major trends and methodological debates that have shaped feminist historic scholarship in our field.

Cette étude se propose d’analyser les relations complexes entre rhétorique et réalité par l’examen de l’utilisation du matériau traditionnel, rhétorique et mythologique, dans le groupe de poèmes nuptiaux écrits par Claudien en 398 après J.- C., et de montrer, à travers la dimension politique et religieuse de ces poèmes, comment l’emploi des topoi dans la représentation du présent s’avère à la fois miroir et masque de la réalité. On constate que, dans le domaine politique, Claudien, en consonance avec l’idéologie impériale, tend un miroir sublimé à la cour et se sert de la topique rhétorique pour masquer les zones d’ombre de la situation de l’empire d’Occident régi par Stilicon; dans le domaine religieux, le poète ignore totalement la dimension chrétienne de ce mariage, contrairement à certains autres auteurs tardifs d’épithalames, et ancre fortement sa poésie dans la tradition païenne.

AbstractThis study sets about to analyse the complex relations between rhetoric and reality by examining the use of traditional material, both rhetorical and mythological, in the group of nuptial poems written by Claudian in 398 A.D., and to show across the political and religious dimensions of these poems, how the use of topoi in the representation of the present proves to be both mirror and mask of reality. One finds that, in the political domain, Claudian, in consonance with imperial ideology, holds up a lofty mirror to the court and uses rhetorical topics to hide the shadowy aspects of the situation of the western empire controlled by Stilicho; in the religious domain, the poet ignores completely the Christian aspect of this marriage, unlike certain other late authors of epthalamic works, and anchors his poetry strongly in pagan tradition.

Mapping the Terrain of Feminist Cyberscapes, Kristine Blair and Pamela Takayoshi Map of Location I: The Body in Virtual Space Technological Fronts: Lesbian Lives On the Joanne Addison and Susan Hilligoss Postmodernist Looks at the Body Electric: Email, Female and Hijra, Sarah Sloane Re-Membering Mama: The Female Body Embodied and Disembodied Communication, Barbara Monroe Making the Map: Interview with Helen Schwartz Map of Location II: Constructions of Online Identities Our Studnets, Our Selves I, A Mestiza, Continually Walk Out of One Culture Into Another: Alba's Story, Sibylle Gruber Pedagogy, Emotion and The Protocol of Care, Shannon Wilson. Writing (Without) The Body: Gender and Power in Networked Discussion Groups, Donna LeCourt Making the Map: Interview with Gail Hawisher Map of Location III: Discourse Communities Online and in Classrooms A Virtual Locker Room in Classroom Chat Spaces: The Politics of Men as Other, Christine Boese The Use of Electronic Communication in Facilitating Feminine Modes of Discourse: An Irigaraian Heuristic, Morgan Gresham and Cecilia Hartley Over the Line, Online, Gender Lines: Email and Women in the Classroom, Dene Grigar Maps of Location IV: Virtual Coalitions and Collaborations Designing Feminist Multimedia for The United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women, Mary Hocks Voicing The Landscape: A Discourse of Their Own, Laura Julier, Paula Gillespie, And Kathleen Blake Yancey Thirteen Ways of Looking at an M-Word, Margaret Daisley and Susan Romano Making The Map: Interview With Mary Lay and Elizabeth Tebeaux Map of Location V: The Future: to be Mapped Later Feminist Research in Computers and Composition, Lisa Gerrard An Online Dialogue with the Contributors to Feminist Cyberscapes Mapping the Future: Interview with Cynthia Selfe

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Argues that both composition and literary studies have a common pedagogical vocation and that by harvesting some very general insights from two decades of cultural critique, English departments can develop curricula that will resolve a good deal of the conflict between literature and composition and improve instruction in both.

Argues that both composition and literary studies have a common pedagogical vocation and that by harvIndicates how current stylistic criticism might engage ideological issues by more fully developing M. Bakhtin’s ideas through an approach called cultural stylistics. Notes that Bakhtin’s own work was very much concerned with the divorce between ideological and formalist analysis, and his “sociological stylistics” was intended to synthesize the two.

Our current national policy regarding sexual harassment, expressed through legal, economic, and popular discourses, exemplifies the Foucauldian paradigm in its attempt to regulate sexuality through seemingly authorless texts. Arguing that regulation through such "discursive technologies"; need not lead to the effects of domination that Foucault recognized, I propose a user‐centered approach to policy drafting that values the knowledge of workers as users and makers of workplace policy.

Research Article| August 01 1998 The Reader's Figure: Epideictic Rhetoric in Plato, Aristotle, Bossuet, Racine and Pascal Richard Lockwood, The Reader's Figure: Epideictic Rhetoric in Plato, Aristotle, Bossuet, Racine and Pascal (Geneva: Droz, 1996) 310 pp. Peter France Peter France Department of French, 4 Buccleuch Place, Edinbugh 8, United Kingdom. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rhetorica (1998) 16 (3): 312–314. https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.1998.16.3.312 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Peter France; The Reader's Figure: Epideictic Rhetoric in Plato, Aristotle, Bossuet, Racine and Pascal. Rhetorica 1 August 1998; 16 (3): 312–314. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.1998.16.3.312 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentRhetorica Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1998, The International Society for the History of Rhetoric1998 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

RHETORICA 312 In chapter 11, "Philosophy and rhetoric", Stephen Halliwell considers the debate between rhetoric and philosophy along the lines suggested in several of Plato's and Aristotle's works. Although both Plato and Aristotle consider rhetoric "philosophically", Halliwell argues that Plato imposes on it the demands of his ethical and political standards while Aristotle accepts the commonsensicalness of rhetorical practice all along reinforcing it with the technical equipment that rendered it an intellectual force of consequence. In the final chapter, "The Canon of the Ten Attic Orators", Ian Worthington reconsiders the dating, the authorship, and the intellectual background of the canon of the Attic orators and concludes that both the rationale and character of the canon are unsatisfactory if only because they hamper scholarly efforts to study and assess the orations of those orators who are excluded. John Poulakos Richard Lockwood, The Reader's Figure: Epideictic Rhetoric in Plato, Aristotle, Bossuet, Racine and Pascal (Geneva: Droz, 1996) 310 pp. Epideictic has always been the joker in the pack. Where deliberative and judicial eloquence can be fairly readily defined, and their function briefly summarized, epideictic continually poses problems. In the first place, what is it? The demonstrative genre, we are told, is that in which the orator (or writer) attributes praise and blame. But this narrow definition is quickly expanded into something much more amorphous—epideictic comes to be the gathering up of all speech acts which are not deliberative or forensic, sometimes including the didactic or academic (as in the volume under review), and not infrequently spilling out to include all speaking whose purpose is not obvious, including, as the writing "for nothing" which came to be called literature. For the question "who does what to whom in epideictic" is by no means straightforward, as Richard Lockwood makes abundantly clear in this densely written and interesting book. Quintilian saw it as aiming solely at delighting its audience", Reviews 313 with the further aim of enhancing the "honour and glory of the speaker". The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary defines it as "intended or serving to display oratorical skill". It is thus a form of entertainment, a performance meant to gather in applause. But of course there are other views. A speech of praise, for instance, is not necessarily a piece of self-indulgence or flattery. Many historians of the subject have written of the potential civic function of epideictic for inculcating values and creating social consensus. As Aristotle put it, "to praise a man is...akin to urging a course of action". Even Plato, with his sharp eye for the deceits of rhetoric, allows room in his republic for "hymns to the gods and encomia to good men". So what is going on in epideictic? The strength of Lockwood's study is that it homes in on these tensions within the genre. He argues that this type of speech or text carries within it a doubleness, and thus, even more clearly than other rhetorical performances, creates a double figure of the listener or reader, who can at the same time admire the orator and admire the thing praised. It is this doubleness, he claims, that accounts for the powerful effects of epideictic, effects that in the examples he gives are not infrequently unsettling, often fruitfully so. One of the most important points stressed here is the vital role played in epideictic by metadiscursive elements—those points at which the orator or writer reflects as he goes along on what he is doing. In an interesting preliminary, this tactic is seen at work in the Gettysburg Address, where "five full sentences out of ten discuss Lincoln's own act of speaking, and the rest focus largely on the parameters of its context" (p. 19)—the speech in other words is largely about "how to give speeches and how to listen", and in so doing seeks to create what Lockwood calls the "figure" of the reader/listener. In other words, theory and practice are closely interwoven, and there can be no question of a simple dualism whereby the naive take the bait while the sophisticated reflect critically on it; all readers and listeners are involved in the perils and pleasures of...

Argues that a process-oriented nonjudgmental instructional approach can help English-as-a-Second-Language community college students become better writers. Discusses the principle of nonjudgmental awareness and its rationale, and describes five pedagogical techniques used in a nonjudgmental writing class.

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A discussion of the effect of writing on ESL students’ reading performance provides data to demonstrate that “formal,” analytical written response to text helps ESL students become more proficient readers of English.

Abstract: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the enemy of books and civilized learning, might seem poles apart from Quintilian, who was so popular in France in the eighteenth century. Nevertheless, although there are only small traces of direct contact between the author of Émile and the Institutio, comparison between the two works is illuminating. Both are large-scale educational treatises embodying a vision of humanity. The important common ground between them concerns the importance of early childhood, a certain moral idealism, and the prfrence for a manly form of speech. Significant divergences begin to appear in relation to three major areas of concern: citizenship and the public life, the relation of words to things, and the question of acting, imagination, and fiction. Je ne me lasse point de le redire: mettez toutes les leçons des jeunes gens en actions plustôt qu'en discours; qu'ils n'apprennent rien dans les livres de ce que l'expérience peut leur enseigner. Quel extravagant projet de les exercer à parler sans sujet de rien dire, de croire leur faire sentir sur les bancs d'un collège l'énergie du langage des passions, et toute la force de l'art de persuader sans intérêt de rien persuader à personne! Tous les préceptes de la rhétorique ne semblent qu'un pur verbiage à quiconque n'en sent pas l'usage pour son profit. Qu'importe à un Ecolier comment s'y prit Annibal pour déterminer ses soldats à passer les Alpes? (I never tire of repeating it: put ail your tessons for young people into actions, not speeches; let them learn nothing from books which they could learn from experience. What an insane idea to exercise them in speaking when they have nothing to speak about, to believe one can make them feel on their school benches the language of the passions and ail the force of the art of persuasion, when they have no interest in persuading anybody! All the precepts of rhetoric are pure verbiage to anyone who cannot see what use they are to him. What does it matter to a schoolboy how Hannibal set about persuading his soldiers to cross the Alps?)

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Research Article| November 01 1988 Rhétorique et roman au dix-huitième siècle. L'exemple de Prévost et de Marivaux (1728-1742) Jean-Paul Sermain.Rhétorique et roman au dix-huitième siècle. L'exemple de Prévost et de Marivaux (1728-1742). (Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century, 233). Oxford: The Voltaue Foundation. 1985. 159 pp. Peter France Peter France Department of French, 4 Buccleuch Place, Edinburgh EH8 9LW Scotland. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rhetorica (1988) 6 (4): 419–421. https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.1988.6.4.419 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Peter France; Rhétorique et roman au dix-huitième siècle. L'exemple de Prévost et de Marivaux (1728-1742). Rhetorica 1 November 1988; 6 (4): 419–421. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.1988.6.4.419 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentRhetorica Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1988, The International Society for the History of Rhetoric1988 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Research Article| May 01 1988 Rhétorique et Poétique Chez les Formalistes Russes Peter France Peter France Department of French, 4 Buccleuch Place, Edinburgh EH8 9LW Scotland. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Rhetorica (1988) 6 (2): 127–136. https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.1988.6.2.127 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Peter France; Rhétorique et Poétique Chez les Formalistes Russes. Rhetorica 1 May 1988; 6 (2): 127–136. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/rh.1988.6.2.127 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentRhetorica Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1988, The International Society for the History of Rhetoric1988 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

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An aging technical writer finds that in his nomadic career the same coworkers seem to appear at each new facility. There's Faultless Flora, Hurricane Harry, Castin Bronze, Gertie Guardian, Alphabet Al, and Robbie Rembrant. In his latest job, the technical writer hears about a new character.

Described are techniques which relate to the impact of communications on the reader. An awareness by authors and editors of the techniques available through readability research studies leads to significant savings in time and effort, as well as increased benefits in comprehension and learning of the reader. Examples of use in technical publications show how exchanges between author and reader can be more effective and productive. The techniques have wide application also to publications of all kinds, and provide a valuable resource to achieve optimum results in communication or information products. The discussion is based on the knowledge and experience gained by the writer through academic and practical applications in editing and preparing a wide variety of general and technical communications.

Communication, as a basic process for exchanges between individuals or groups, involves the development and use of various systems. Focusing on fundamental elements of one system—speech (language) and its formalized extension, writing, the author describes instant techniques or processes for overcoming obstacles to effective communications. In particular, emphasis will be given to the role of the communicator-educator involved in the development and training efforts to improve day-to-day exchanges among working groups. Such efforts have been retarded through complicated language structures and an overconfident reliance on elaborate devices and myriads of machines and equipment. In addition, the escalating changes in many fields have contributed to frustrations and complexities in achieving goals. To overcome the problems, recommendations stress the importance of a recall of basic principles of communication in the language-writing system and an understanding of the processes involved. Techniques described represent simple practical solutions available for instant adoption by the educator in meeting current needs.

This paper sustains that rhetoric can be a fruitful way of practicing philosophy of language. The startingpoint is a suggestion drawn from the work of the Italian philosopher Roberto Esposito. According toEsposito, one of the main characteristics of the Italian thought is the focus on the necessary connectionbetween language and extra-linguistic world. I argue that rhetoric (intended in an Aristotelian sense), thanks to its extra-linguistic aim (persuasion), pays particular attention to this connection. This has important consequences: 1. considering speakers and listeners as essential components of speech and assigning a key position to the listener; 2. including the sphere of emotion in the fi eld of refl ection on language; 3. considering truth as a social practice; 4. considering the agonistic dimension as a constitutive element of the speech.

Jean H. Hagstrum, Samuel Schoenbaum, J. Leeds Barroll, R. E. K., Frances Shirley, J. W. Robinson, Robert C. Steensma, Michael Shugrue, William E. Coles, Jr., Nicholas A. Salerno, Stephen E. Henderson, Lawrence Poston, III, Leon O. Barron, Clifford A. Nault, Jr., Dale B. J. Randall, Marlies K. Danziger, Harry E. Hand, Kenneth S. Rothwell, Ted E. Boyle, Book Reviews, College English, Vol. 26, No. 1 (Oct., 1964), pp. 53-66

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