Teaching English in the Two-Year College
151 articlesMarch 2025
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Please Explain Your Reasons Below: Analyzing Qualitative Data from a Community College Writing Center’s Nonusers ↗
Abstract
As part of a study I conducted to investigate the variables that influence our students’ writing center participation, students who had not used the center were asked to submit free-response data to further describe their reasons for nonuse. For this article, the nonusers’ narrative data are interpreted within the context of the quantitative results I obtained to gain a deeper understanding of why some students do not use our writing center. Based on my findings, I offer recommendations for tailoring writing center support to better meet our students’ needs, with the overall aim of increasing their use of our services.
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Establishing Best Practices: Guidelines for Starting or Improving an Embedded Tutoring Program in the Writing Center ↗
Abstract
In recent years, the college writing center at our community college began an embedded tutoring program in hopes of reaching more developmental English students. A combination of the pandemic and the temporary shift to online-only tutoring, pandemic funding opportunities, and changes in the college’s developmental education program led tutors to rethink how best to help developmental students succeed. Ultimately, this article shows that developing our embedded tutoring program facilitated a partnership between instructors, tutors, and students that resulted in higher academic performance, student and faculty engagement, and faculty buy-in.
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Guest Editors’ Introduction: Restarting the Conversation: Why We Need a Special Issue on Two-Year College Writing Centers ↗
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The editors of this special issue of Teaching English in the Two-Year College highlight the lack of scholarship on two-year college writing centers despite their widespread presence. Systemic barriers are in place at most two-year colleges, including heavy workloads, lack of institutional support for research, and limited incentives for two-year-college writing center staff to publish. The issue features new research showcasing the unique challenges and innovations in two-year college writing centers. The editors hope this issue sparks an ongoing conversation around the important and distinctive work happening in two-year college writing centers
December 2024
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Abstract
This piece begins to contextualize my stance as a community college writing teacher, just over eighteen years in.
September 2024
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Instructional Note: Making It about XP Instead of Loot: Ungrading and Gameful Learning Design in First-Year Writing ↗
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This essay explores the pedagogical potential of using labor-based grading and gameful learning design in a first-year writing course at an open-access college in the Southeastern United States.
May 2024
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The majority of first-year writing “is taught by teachers whose educational backgrounds are more likely to be in literature, cultural studies, or creative writing than in rhetoric and composition” (Abraham 78). This disciplinary knowledge gap poses a challenge for FYW faculty to adjust to new shifts in FYW pedagogy. We would expect inhouse faculty development opportunities to help fill these gaps; however, the results of our year-long qualitative study indicate that the lack of shared disciplinary knowledge and the constraints on adjunct faculty make it challenging for faculty without backgrounds in writing studies to adapt their pedagogies. We add to the body of scholarship on professionalization in two-year college writing studies (e.g., Andelora; Griffiths; Jensen et al.; Sullivan; Toth et al., “Distinct”) and argue that addressing this problem will require investing resources in adjunct support; changing hiring practices to prioritize expertise in writing studies; and designing faculty development that focuses on both theory and pedagogy.
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Instructional Note: Write from the Heart (Escribe desde el corazón): Connect Lived Experiences to First-Year Writing Curriculum ↗
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This Instructional Note, grounded in Latin American cultural values, offers “wise practices” for instructors to connect lived experiences to course curriculum, encourage authentic voice and “home language practices,” and treat students as extended family to reduce academic isolation.
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In the fall of 2018, the First-Year Composition program at North Central Texas College (NCTC) initiated what informally became known as the Textbook Project. Our goal was to provide our community college students with innovative, imaginative, and inspiring classroom experiences that paralleled the high-impact opportunities their peers were afforded at four-year universities. The Textbook Project encompassed five key features: an NCTC-specific textbook, a campus-wide common read, resources for faculty and students in our college’s LMS, a college-wide lecture series, and funding for faculty professional development. Five years later, the project’s emphasis on continuity through collaboration has revitalized the department through faculty engagement and increased student success.
March 2024
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Effects of Self-Regulated Strategy Instruction in an Accelerated Developmental English Course: A Quasi-experimental Study ↗
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This study examines the effects of a curriculum based on self-regulated strategy instruction in an accelerated developmental education (DE) English course in a community college. Faculty at the college had established a four-week, two-credit compressed course that enabled students to enroll in an eleven-week first-year composition (FYC) course in the same semester, reducing remediation from fifteen weeks to just four weeks. The course focused on writing argumentative essays using sources. The study used a quasi-experimental design with five instructors and sixty-six students to compare the experimental curriculum to a business-as-usual control condition. In the experimental curriculum, students learned strategies for writing using sources, including strategies for critical reading and for planning and revising. In addition to writing and reading strategies, students also learned metacognitive, self-regulation strategies, such as goal setting, task management, and reflection. The study found a large positive effect (ES = .96) of the treatment on quality of an argument essay written using sources. However, no significant effects were found on a summary outline, self-efficacy, or completion of the subsequent FYC course. The study demonstrates the value of strategy instruction in DE English courses; it is the first experimental study of strategy instruction in an accelerated DE course. Further research is needed to evaluate the effects of strategy instruction in corequisite courses and in FYC.
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This Instructional Note provides information on having students create research posters to support oral presentations in their first-year writing classes. Creating digital posters connects to multimodal assignments and provides transferable skills.
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Instructional Note: The Argument-as-Story Exercise: Using Narrative to Foster Confidence and Autonomy in First-Year Writing ↗
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Modifying inclusive creative workshop models for FYW classrooms empowers student engagement and persistence and allows instructors with creative practices to effectively draw on their expertise to guide students’ writing of persuasive argumentative prose.
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This essay seeks to add to existing conversations about the role of first-year composition (FYC) in relation to students’ subsequent literacy experiences. Using data from an open-ended survey of former students five years after they completed FYC, in which they describe their current reading and writing practices and reflect on how these practices connect (or fail to connect) to what they recall from FYC, this article positions the findings within the context of scholarship on WAW and TFT and ultimately calls for increased attention to the situated nature of writing as part of the FYC curriculum at two-year colleges.
September 2023
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Feature: “Be careful of what you’re holding with students’ hearts”: Native American Community College Students’ Perceptions of Self-Disclosure in Writing Assignments ↗
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This critical phenomenological study sought Native American student perspectives on intention and desired faculty response following self-disclosure of personal challenges in college writing assignments and discusses implications for faculty and for implementing trauma-informed writing pedagogy with students who are historically marginalized.
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Students entering first-year composition often discover self-inquiry for the first time, enabling them to examine their identities when opportunities are created to do so. The experiences of two traditional first-year college students are examined to better understand the power that writing instructors and writing courses hold.
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Instructional Note: Seeing All Students as Writers: Video-Based Discussion Board Strategies for Remote Classrooms ↗
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This article presents a video discussion board assignment designed to foster belonging and academic language practice in a remote classroom. We consider how the assignment supported robust discussion and multimodal composition in Critical Reading and Writing, a course run with synchronous and asynchronous components during the COVID-19 pandemic at a technical college.
May 2023
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Review: Working with and against Shared Curricula: Perspectives from College Writing Teachers and Administrators Edited by Connie Kendall Theado and Samantha NeCamp. ↗
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Preview this article: Review: Working with and against Shared Curricula: Perspectives from College Writing Teachers and Administrators Edited by Connie Kendall Theado and Samantha NeCamp., Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/tetyc/50/4/teachingenglishinthetwo-yearcollege32590-1.gif
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This article traces the complexities of two-year college (TYC) writing program administration and offers suggestions for more research about TYC writing program administration and in collaboration with TYC writing program administrators.
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Published scholarship on two-year college writing programs began in 1990; has developed through two identifiable stages, from descriptive to prescriptive; and is on the cusp of entering a third stage, the ethical, in which we must know and account for the potentially harmful effects of our writing programs.
September 2022
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Feature: Working Conditions for Contingent Faculty in First-Year Composition Courses at Two-Year Colleges ↗
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This article reports on the working conditions of one hundred faculty who teach first-year composition at two-year colleges across the US.
May 2022
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Instructional Note: Drawing to Read: Students Using Creative Approaches to Access Complex Texts in First-Year Writing ↗
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The Instructional Note provides a multistage drawing-to-read activity that is intended to support students’ development of process-oriented, active, engaged, and mindful reading habits.
March 2022
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Feature: Critiquing the Normative Discourse Circulated by Two-Year College Writing Center Websites through Critical Disability Studies and Technical and Professional Communication ↗
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In this article, I examine how the language circulated by two-year college writing center websites impacts discursive understandings of disability and offer recommendations for more accessible documentation practices grounded in critical disability studies and technical and professional communication theory.
December 2021
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Instructional Note: The Heroic Investigator: Modeling a Film and Television Motif for Information Literacy ↗
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This article describes a research assignment for first-year composition students that combines film and television motif analysis and role-playing, thus creating an opportunity for students to write critiques of contemporary institutions.
September 2021
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Preview this article: Review: Empowering the Community College First-Year Composition Teacher: Pedagogies and Policies, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/tetyc/49/1/teachingenglishinthetwo-yearcollege31554-1.gif
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Lexical analysis with concordancing software offers faculty a simple tool for analyzing reflective texts in first-year composition courses.
March 2021
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This instructional note contains a prompt and a set of step-by-step classroom instructions for introducing first-year writers to the functions and scholarly activities of professional associations.
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Feature: Trauma-Informed Writing Pedagogy: Ways to Support Student Writers Affected by Trauma and Traumatic Stress ↗
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This article argues that two principles of a trauma-informed writing pedagogy grounded in clinical scholarship—instructor as buffering role model and psychologically safer classroom spaces—can support students affected by trauma and traumatic stress. Moreover, when these principles are embedded in course structures using concepts central to universal design, they can support all community college writing students facing adversity.
December 2020
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This article reports on a longitudinal study of the writing assignments students at our two-year college were given in courses outside of composition. While other studies have looked at writing assigned across the curriculum, this research typically focuses on four-year, rather than two-year, institutions. Our study of a small cohort of students suggests that at our institution there is a significant disconnect between the amount and types of writing students are assigned in composition and non-composition courses. Our findings add to the existing literature on college writing, while also informing our understanding of the goals and purposes of composition within our local context.
September 2020
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Feature: Neither Here nor There: A Study of Dual Enrollment Students’ Hybrid Identities in First-Year Composition ↗
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This article shares findings from a CCCC-funded grant that focuses on a dual enrollment program in Washington State called Running Start. This model invites high schoolers to take college courses on a college campus. Instructors are frequently advised to treat Running Start participants “as if they were any other college students,” yet as our large-scale survey suggests, these students have complex hybrid identities that warrant greater consideration. Without diluting academic rigor, we call for an enhanced understanding of the “funds of knowledge” (González, Moll, and Amanti) that high schoolers bring to First-Year Composition in the spirit of congruous inclusivity.
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First-year composition faculty have historically cast a skeptical eye on high-school-based dual enrollment FYC. However, when secondary and post-secondary faculty are allowed to build their program together, trusting each other’s expertise and engaging in mutual professional development, enormous value is generated for both sets of faculty and the DE students. This article presents findings, materials, and recommendations from a long-standing successful DE program built on the assumption that college faculty have just as much to learn from their high school colleagues as high school teachers have to learn about teaching college-level writing.
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This article locates and describes different versions of dual credit for first-year composition as they occur across Oregon and concludes with recommendations, a call for financial transparency in the funding of dual credit in Oregon, and an invitation to researchers in other states to map dual credit in their own states.
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Feature: Closing the Gap? A Study into the Professional Development of Concurrent Enrollment Writing Instructors in Ohio ↗
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Over 1.4 million high school students enroll in college-credit-bearing courses yearly, and 80% of that instruction occurs on secondary campuses under the tutelage of high school teachers (US Dept. of Education). Since First-Year Writing remains a common choice among enrollees, Concurrent Enrollment (CE) classrooms present a unique space for inquiry and collaboration into the quality and rigor of CE writing instruction. This study investigates CE writing instructors’ definitions of “rigor” in the college writing classroom and explores the training and support provided to CE writing instructors representing two- and four-year higher education institutions in Ohio. Findings suggest that on-going discipline-specific professional development can lead to definitions of rigor in high school writing spaces that align to postsecondary standards. This study also demonstrates that disparity exists in instructor preparation and support, especially in regard to discipline-specific training that could help close gaps in writing instruction.
May 2020
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Feature: Threshold Concepts and FYC Writing Prompts: Helping Students Discover Composition’s Common Knowledge with(in) Assignment Sheets ↗
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In our analysis of seventy-five FYC writing assignment prompts, we identify common elements and offer pedagogical suggestions so faculty can use assignment sheets as rhetorical tools to introduce students to writing studies’ threshold concepts.
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Instructional Note: The Second Essay That Analyzes the First Essay: Reflecting and Revising in a Writing Classroom ↗
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This instructional note describes the potential of an analytical essay assignment to encourage writerly self-reflection and meaningful revision in the two-year college writing classroom.
March 2020
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While Robert Brooke’s discussion of underlife focused on the autonomy of students, in this article I apply his conclusions to the behaviors performed and desires expressed by faculty members, specifically six tenured, two-year college English faculty members who conceptualize their work teaching writing in relation to both individual writing courses and one or more aspects of a writing program.
September 2019
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This paper argues that instructors should prioritize the teaching of peer review. The authors have encouraged collaborative peer review by making it the most important work of their first-year writing course.
March 2019
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Feature: Where Theory and Praxis Collide: Supporting Student-Led Writing Center Research at Two-Year Colleges ↗
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This article demonstrates the important role that student researchers play in developing two-year college writing center assessment. As part of a tutoring practicum assignment, students from Bristol Community College co-designed a survey that assessed the perceptions of students who do and do not utilize a writing center at their mid-sized community college. Students collected 865 responses between 2014 and 2015. This article provides a road map to developing student-led RAD research through a two-year college writing center and its attendant course; it also shares positive pedagogical and programmatic outcomes from the project.
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Feature: A Critical Race Analysis of Transition-Level Writing Curriculum to Support the Racially Diverse Two-Year College ↗
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This article applies critical race theory to an institutional analysis of writing curricular outcomes to assist two-year college writing program administrators, curriculum coordinators, and instructors with examining the racist implications of writing curriculum outcomes and to develop antiracist curricula that support the academic, professional, and civic success of the majority of their students.
December 2018
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Feature: Epistemic Authority in Composition Studies: Tenuous Relationship between Two-Year English Faculty and Knowledge Production ↗
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Despite community college teachers teaching nearly 50 percent of all first-year composition, our experiences and hands-on knowledge are not viewed as scholarly contributions to writing studies. The scholarship of writing studies needs to be expanded through redefining what constitutes scholarly work as well as providing mentoring to two-year faculty who possess critical knowledge on composition and pedagogy.
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This article explores the use of the work narrative to engage students, particularly FLI (first-generation and low-income) students.
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Profile writing enables nursing students to draw a connection between first-year composition and nursing through the genre’s emphasis on descriptive details and understanding the individual.
September 2018
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Feature: Class Size and First-Year Writing: Exploring the Effects on Pedagogy and Student Perception of Writing Process ↗
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This essay describes the process and findings of a class size research project at an access institution.
May 2018
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Feature: The Two-Year College Writing Program and Academic Freedom: Labor, Scholarship, and Compassion ↗
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This article looks at faculty views of academic freedom and finds that the views of tenured faculty with programmatic responsibilities are significantly different from those of experienced contingent faculty.
March 2018
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Feature: Beyond Words on the Page: Using Multimodal Composing to Aid in the Transition to First-Year Writing ↗
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This article reports on a multimodal podcasting unit conducted during a two-week modified summer bridge program for at-risk incoming first-year students. The examples from student work show how teaching a multimodal genre encourages writers to draw from their prior knowledge of standardized genres learned in high school to effectively transition to college composition.
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Preview this article: Review: Composition in the Age of Austerity, edited by Nancy Welch and Tony Scott, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/tetyc/45/3/teachingenglishinthetwoyearcollege29537-1.gif
December 2017
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Feature: Race Talk in the Composition Classroom: Narrative Song Lyrics as Texts for Racial Literacy ↗
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This article explores the potential of a song lyrics-based curriculum to encourage the practice of racial literacy in the first-year composition classroom.
September 2017
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This report, produced by the Two-Year College English Association (TYCA), provides guidelines for preparing future two-year college English faculty. The document, which aligns with the “CCCC Position Statement on Preparing Teachers of College Writing” and TYCA’s “Characteristics of a Highly Effective Two-Year College English Instructor,” presents recommendations for those who train future two-year college English professionals: directors and faculty of English studies graduate programs. These guidelines also provide graduate students who are interested in two-year college teaching careers with recommendations for a combination of relevant coursework and research, professionalization activities, and hands-on experiences that will prepare them to be engaged two-year college teacher-scholars.
March 2017
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Feature: Why Is My English Teacher a Foreigner? Re-authoring the Story of International Composition Teachers ↗
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This article examines the social and academic barriers international teachers face in the composition classroom and what they have to offer to the teaching of first-year writing.
December 2016
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This article describes a first-year writing course focused on language diversity and asserts the importance of this focus as a foundation for college writing success and linguistic inclusivity.